Objective: we aimed to reflect on the Actor-Network Theory as a theoretical-methodological framework in health and nursing research.Method: reflexive study, in which principles and concepts of the Actor-Network Theory were used as a theoretical-methodological framework.Results: the Theory can be put in practice based on the mapping of controversies as its method, defined by the following movements: 1) seeking an entry door in the network; 2) identifying the spokespersons; 3) accessing the inscription devices; 4) mapping the associations between the actants. It corresponds to a set of techniques to explore and visualize polemics and controversies, observing and mapping the social debate, especially, but not exclusively, addressing technical-scientific problems. Hence, in the scope of health and nursing, more precisely in the sphere of the complex practices where the nurses and health technologies operate, the Actor-Network Theory has emerged as a relevant and noteworthy theoretical-methodological framework. Its application can contribute to the understanding of the innovations and their influences for the group, based on associations established between the actors, following their steps without fractioning their lives, without taking isolated excerpts, following what happens in a network and what is interlinked, interfering and suffering interference.Conclusion: in the belief that knowledge is a social product or effect of a network of human and non-human actors, instead of something produced by operating a privileged scientific method, the Actor-Network Theory figures as a promising theoretical-methodological framework for the controversial environments of health and nursing. DESCRIPTORS: Nursing research. Methodology. Social theory. Social network. A TEORIA ATOR-REDE COMO REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICO EM PESQUISAS EM SAÚDE E ENFERMAGEM RESUMOObjetivo: refletir sobre a Teoria Ator-Rede como referencial teórico-metodológico na pesquisa em saúde e enfermagem.Método: estudo do tipo reflexivo, que utilizou os princípios e conceitos da Teoria Ator-Rede como referencial teórico-metodológico.Resultados: a referida Teoria pode ser operacionalizada a partir da cartografia de controvérsias como seu método, sendo este definido pelos movimentos: 1) buscar uma porta de entrada na rede; 2) identificar os porta-vozes; 3) acessar os dispositivos de inscrição; 4) mapear as associações entre os actantes. Constitui-se como um conjunto de técnicas para explorar e visualizar polêmicas e controvérsias, observando e cartografando o debate social, especialmente, mas não exclusivamente, em torno dos problemas técnico-científicos. Assim, no escopo da saúde e enfermagem, mais precisamente no ambiente de práticas complexas, onde os enfermeiros e as tecnologias da saúde operam, a Teoria AtorRede tem emergido como um referencial teórico-metodológico de relevante notoriedade. Sua aplicação pode contribuir para o entendimento das inovações e suas influências para a coletividade a partir de associações estabelecidas entre os atores, ...
Estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa que buscou compreender ocotidiano de trabalho de enfermeiros no Acolhimento com Classificação de Risco em Unidade de Pronto Atendimento. Utilizou-se o referencial teórico sobre o Cotidiano, de Michel de Certeau. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas abertas com 20 enfermeiros, observação no local de trabalho e submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Verificamos que o cotidiano estudado possui elementos de estratégia: o protocolo de Manchester, imposições e obrigações. Tais elementos intentam isolar os sujeitos num lugar normativo, uma estrutura visível, onde podem ser controlados, vigiados e cobrados. Entretanto, o cotidiano possui táticas (in)visíveis, próprias de cada sujeito que praticam o lugar. São práticas de cuidado que burlam os elementos de estratégia. Concluímos que o cotidiano pesquisado, vai além de algo rotineiro, apesar da normatização, emergem táticas cotidianas visíveis e outras invisíveis. São práticas engenhosas, um fazer/cuidar próprio que conformam micro resistências.
Objective: to describe the human and non-human actors network involved in the implementation of an electronic medical record in Primary Health Care in Minas Gerais. Method: this is a study with a qualitative approach, with the Actor-Network Theory as a theoretical framework and Controversy Cartography as a methodological framework. We interviewed 20 health professionals, managers and other spokespersons involved with the implementation of an electronic medical record in a city in Minas Gerais State. We conducted observation and collection of 30 documents when following the participants from September 2018 to August 2019. For analysis, we used the following scales to visualize the mapped social dynamics: Minor Scale (brief and chronological description of the main events); Intermediate Scale (identification of humans and non-humans, their relationships and controversies); Major Scale (detailed description of the main controversies). Results: the network of actants involved in the electronic medical record implementation is woven from controversies: multiple actants and their translations influencing the electronic medical record implementation; contributions and weaknesses shaping the electronic medical record as an open controversy. Such controversies emerged from the mobilization of actors from various spheres of government, in addition to the place of implementation. Despite the weaknesses found, the electronic medical record contributed to: support decision-making; monitor patients’ health history; integrate information between the assistance network points. Conclusion: the success of the technology implementation was influenced by the relationships established between humans and non-humans from different management spheres, which, by mobilizing, strengthen or weaken computerization.
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