The article analyses how the Estonian Singing Nationalism as a counter-cultural system of values that served to protect national identity lost its raison d'être after the restoration of independent statehood, consequently bringing about the need for a substantial mental "inventory" and re-estimation of the Soviet past. This sudden and painful conflict where old values collide with a turbulent inflow of new ones is interpreted as a Cultural Trauma. By applying P. Sztompka's typology of reactions to cultural trauma and A. Hirschmann's exit-voice model, the authors outline four groups each employing different strategies for coping with the traumatic loss of the Singing Nationalism. The necessity of coping with the crumbling of former identities created a novel assessment of folk cultural activities, relating it with some fresh concepts of Estonian national identity in the global era.* The research has been carried out under ESF Grants No. 3171 and 5950. 1 For details on Singing Nationalism see p. 7. 2
The article focuses on a particular form of consumption in contemporary culture-pop-up restaurants-from the ethnological viewpoint, drawing on our ongoing research in Estonia. We trace the emergence of a new phenomenon over the past couple of years, examining a variety of temporary food establishments in urban as well as rural settings. As Estonian food culture is becoming more and more hybrid, pop-ups reflect global trends in the gourmet foodscape-an increased attention to environmental consciousness, local specialities and authentic experiences as opposed to industrial or mainstream restaurant food. The analysis aims to examine how pop-up restaurants challenge borders between private and public, business and entertainment. Creative and experimental practices of lifestyle entrepreneurs and reflective consumers in such temporary restaurants create new liminal spaces where innovative ideas about food, the home, and community are negotiated. By extending the borders of the conventional restaurant or the home into public space, the pop-up restaurants create spaces of negotiation between the private and the public and new forms of commensality.
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