By the design and optimization of upcoming radio access techniques and a further evolution of the existing system, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) had laid down the foundations of the future Long Term Evolution (LTE) advanced standards-the 3GPP candidate for 4G. This paper offers an overview of the research work carried out to meet the requirements of 4G. The various technology components like wideband transmission and spectrum sharing, multiantenna solutions, coordinated multiple transmission/reception (CoMP) and relaying, introduced to meet the requirements for LTE Advanced systems, have been discussed. General TermsLTE-Advanced, Long Term Evolution, spectrum utilization, cell edge throughput.

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Considering the needs of higher data rates and hence wider bandwidths for advanced mobile communication systems, 3GPP standardized carrier aggregation (CA) as one of the important technological components for fourth generation (4G) Long term evolution (LTE) advanced systems. Here the user equipments are assigned carrier component (CC) belonging to different (Interband contiguous/noncontiguous) or same spectrum bands (Intra-band contiguous/non-contiguous). The users share the radio resources as per different scheduling schemes like round robin(RR), proportional fair (PF), best channel quality indicator (CQI), max-min, edge prioritized, channel traffic aware etc. Every scheduler has its own characteristic and provides improvement in terms of throughput or fairness. This paper discusses the simulations carried out to study the performance of RR, PF and best CQI schedulers in an urban, CLSM (closed loop spatial multiplexing) environment using an LTE system level simulator.

In the current environment of burgeoning demand for mobile broadband, Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the most preferred wireless technology for the mobile operators. Considering the legacy multi-technology networks, operators need to strategically work upon maximizing their revenue while minimizing their cost and satisfying the subscriber's requirements as well. Operators have a choice between 2 network strategies-LTE overlay and single radio access network (SRAN). A survey carried out proved SRAN to be the optimum LTE deployment strategy considering the total cost of ownership (TCO). This paper discusses the effect on the system performance due to the up gradation of network from second generation (2G) to third generation (3G) to long term evolution (LTE) systems using Nokia Siemens Network Flexi multi-radio base stations. Measurements of RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) and throughput were carried out by a drive test within 2Km of the deployed site area which indicated that all the 3 parameters were affected as the user equipment moved away from the site area and towards the cell edges. This problem can be addressed by deployment of low power relay nodes, one of the promising techniques, for increasing the coverage of LTE advanced networks (the future of LTE systems).

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