Hepatocellular carcinoma is the commonest primary liver tumor and its incidence is on an increase. Transplantation and surgical resection are the gold standard curative treatment options but less than 20%patients are surgical candidates because of advanced liver disease and/ or co-morbidities.Various interventional radiological procedures have been developed and intensively investigated for treatment of inoperable HCC.This review summarizes the various interventional radiological treatments in HCC including patient selection, procedural considerations and response evaluation. Transarterial chemoembolization, radioembolization and radiofrequency ablation are mainly discussed.

Hepatic resection is the mainstay of treatment for hepatoblastoma. However, the presence of adequate future liver remnant (FLR) is essential to prevent postoperative liver failure. Portal vein embolization (PVE) is commonly utilized in adults for promoting hypertrophy of FLR, however, it is sparingly used in children. Secondly, bile leak after liver resections is a well-defined complication. Apart from conservative treatment such as drainage and antibiotic, several management strategies including endoscopic, percutaneous, and surgical approaches have been described for its management. We present an 18-month old child with hepatoblastoma for whom PVE was performed to enhance the FLR so that an extended right hepatectomy could be accomplished. The same patient endured delayed postoperative biliary leak wherein the conservative, and non-operative interventional procedure failed, however, surgery combined with intraoperative interventional radiology procedure was utilized with a favorable outcome.

Mesenteric panniculitis is an uncommon pathology, of poorly understood etiology, characterized by progressive inflammation and fibrosis of the small bowel mesentery. This disease has been reported usually after other abdominal surgeries. We present two cases of young male patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and developed abdominal symptoms within 45-60 days of surgery. Both were investigated for known post-bariatric complications. While first patient presented (5 months later) at an irreversible stage and died within 8-9 months of primary surgery, in second patient, the disease process could be reversed through early intervention, diagnosis, treatment, and compliance. Mesenteric panniculitis is a rapidly progressive entity, which can be adequately treated by early identification and long-term immune-suppressive therapy.

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