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Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is rare and accounts for about 0.14-1.8% of all gynecological malignancies. Correct diagnosis is rarely made preoperatively as clinically tubal carcinoma closely resembles ovarian carcinoma. Here, we report two cases of bilateral primary fallopian tube carcinomas. Case 1: A 54-year-old female presented with postmenopausal bleeding, abdominal pain, and pervaginal watery discharge for 10 days. Ultrasonography (USG) of pelvis showed endometrial thickening and multiple tiny echogenic foci in omentum suggestive of omental cake. With a provisional diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy was done. On gross examination, small and rudimentary right ovary was adherent to the fimbrial end of the tube. Left-sided tubo-ovarian mass was present, cut section of which showed yellowish solid area in tubal wall and encroaching on ovarian surface. On histological examination, sections from the fimbrial end of both fallopian tubes showed features of papillary serous adenocarcinoma. Case 2: 70-year-old lady, 15 years postmenopausal presented with gradual onset pain and swelling of abdomen, urinary incontinence since 4 days. USG showed bulky uterus, 5 cm × 2 cm fibroid, bilateral tubes, and ovaries were not visualized. Serum cancer antigen-125 was raised (159.7 U/ml). Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with infracolic omentectomy was done. On gross examination, ovaries were firmly attached to tubes and no apparent solid area was noted. On microscopy, papillary serous adenocarcinoma arising from tubal wall was seen infiltrating focally into ovarian stroma; tubal epithelium showed dysplastic change. Sections from omentum showed numerous psammoma bodies.

Background: Thyroid nodules are quite common in the general population of India with increasing incidence of malignancy worldwide.  Fine Needle Aspiration [FNA] has been the primary modality of pre-operative diagnosis of such lesions till date. But it has got its own share of fallacies and pit-falls. Cell-block [CB] can be done in the same sitting and it gives the advantage of architectural assessment with easy subjectivity to immuno-cytochemical [ICC] staining. Material and methods: FNA was done in all patients and CB was prepared by formalin method. ICC stains were used in cases with provisional diagnosis of malignancy and in all follicular neoplasm cases. SPSS v.20 was used for analysis. Sensitivity and specificity of cell block was calculated. Diagnostic correlation of both FNA and CB with respect to histopathological examination was done by using student t-test with confidence interval of 95%. Results: CB showed a correlation coefficient of 0.704 and a p value of 0.0001while FNA showed a correlation coefficient of .464 and a p-value of .001. So, CB showed a strong positive correlation and a high statistical significance. Cell block helped in diagnosing almost all the cases showing discordance in FNA except that of papillary carcinoma where the cellular yield was poor due to   cystic degeneration. Sensitivity of cell block was 89.5% and Specificity was 96.9%. Conclusions: Cell block is definitely a good ancillary examination for thyroid nodular lesions in addition to FNA. It should be routinely performed in all thyroid cases as it improves the diagnostic yield and accuracy of cytological diagnosis.

Breast carcinoma is the most common cause of carcinoma death in women. Sometimes, difficulty arises to differentiate between premalignant lesions and carcinoma by routine histopathology. Our study was done to establish the role of morphometry and immunohistochemistry to solve this problem. In this study, total 60 cases of different breast lesions were included and 10 controls were also included to compare the results with the normal findings. They were studied by hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections for morphometry and routine histological study; as well as by proliferative markers such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen and p53. Invasiveness was studied using immunohistochemical staining with 34 βE12 monoclonal antibody. Statistically significant differences were found in morphometric parameters and in expression of proliferative markers between most of them. Morphometry and immunohistochemistry help in the proper diagnosis of different breast lesions that lie in the gray zone on routine histopathology.