With the world progressing rapidly, the supply chain of various industries globally, especially the pharmaceutical sector, has evolved rapidly. Unlike many developing countries, the global supply chains have been revolutionized using various digital technologies. However, in Pakistan, the pharmaceutical sector to be specific, although growing exponentially, still fails to provide maximum efficiency in their supply chain including minimal traceability and visibility from the company's end. This study illustrates the current scenario of the pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan analyzing the gaps and potential areas for opportunities and improvements. The systematic review of literature and meta-analysis aims to provide a basis to understand the current challenges faced by the companies and help formulate a framework to provide a basis for the implementation of the most suited digital technology such as block chain or QR code to encounter and minimize the counterfeit of drugs, increase traceability and streamlining the processes and entities involved in the supply chain.

Increasing sustainability is the objective in all manufacturing and service sectors. For the increasing sustainability via circular economy, the research at hand reviews reverse logistics within the pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan. It proposes a recommendation to improve the current process of recycling medicines. The methodology is a qualitative method comprising unstructured interviews with an esteemed organization and observations to understand the dynamics of recycling and reverse logistics in drugs. The study helps develop and illustrates a framework divided into three stages (Distributor/Hospitals in 1st Tier, Whole sellers in 2nd Tier, Retailers and Customer in 3rd Tier) to target the customers and bring them into reverse logistics. The paper recommends policy implications to help improve the situation and initiate a sustainable practice for the environment and cost-efficient, including steps wise phases to gauge consumers for recycling medicines.