The use of smartphones during this pandemic increased rapidly. Smartphones are the most widely used communication media compared to other communication media. This is because smartphones have various features and applications that can help users in completing their work, getting entertainment, and interacting with others. However, in every technology used by humans, there are always potential dangers threatens them. Philosophy, as the oldest systematic way of thinking, seeks to discover what lies behind smartphones. Technology philosophy, which emerged in the modern age, is a branch of philosophy that seeks to examine the nature of technology; ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Based on the thinking of modern philosophers, philosophically, smartphones are not just a means of communication. It changes the way humans understand the world. A world without smartphones is a material world in which people live as living organisms. But, through smartphones, the world changes  into digital where everything become possible. It offers various facilities in interacting and exploring the virtual world, offering adventures that cannot be done in the real world. The ease and enjoyment provided by smartphones eventually creates attachment that tends to turn into dependency, problems that must be realized immediately by people so they not to be too complacent in using smartphones in the new normal life.

Javaneese culture adopts and mixes customs from some religions and local beliefs, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam.  Funeral customs may vary across cultures and religions, but there is something common, a ceremony. Funerary customs comprise the complex of beliefs and practices used by a culture to remember and respect the dead, from interment itself, to various monuments, prayers, and rituals undertaken in their honor. Additionally, funerals often have religious aspects which are intended to help the soul of the deceased reach the afterlife. Thus, death is concieved as something terrifying at one side and something waited for at the other side. To respect the moment, people gather and pray for the death and for themselves. The ceremony, i.e. the feast, gave benefecial effects in their social life, creating harmony and solidarity between the members of the community. So, for Javaneese, to show that death has meanings, they create and adopts customs, and practice it whenever such event emerge

This study aimed to examine the existence of Korean popular culture on the modeling behavior of class XI students at MAN 1 Bojonegoro. The research approach used is quantitative with the correlation method. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to 100 students of class XI MAN Bojonegoro. The data that has been obtained is then processed using the Pearson Product Moment formula through SPSS Version 25 for Windows. Based on the results of simple linear regression analysis with the t-test, it can be seen that the t-value of the popular culture variable is 21.849, while the t-table value is 2.01174. The calculated t value is more significant than the t table, so it can be concluded that the popular culture variable (X) significantly affects the modeling behavior variable (Y).

In the midst of its massive use of smartphones by almost all modern people, television remains present in their daily lifes, filling their free time with various information and entertainment. Although television is no longer the only thing that dominates modern people, the role played by television remains large and even still influences the habits and culture of modern people. This research is a library research that aims to find the influence and impact caused by television on modern people by using the perspective of technology philosophy and human philosophy. Based on the research that has been done, television is proven to still have a very large impact on modern people, on their character, behavior and even on their existence, positively and negatively. The dominance of television in shaping the character of the younger generation still seems very large. This is evident in the lifestyle of modern society that is so easy to imitate the style of artists or public figures who often appear on television and get strong branding. This can have a positive or negative effect, depending on which side is followed from the behavior of a public figure. But the more important thing is the freedom for everyone to be himself, to be authentic, and not just follow the flow desired by a television program producer.

Kemampuan guru dalam mengajarkan dan menilai kemampuan literasi perlu terus ditingkatkan mengingat banyak guru yang masih kesulitan dalam hal asesmen kemampuan literasi. Pengabdian ini bermaksud untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada guru dalam hal pengembangan instrumen asesmen literasi. Pengabdian ini menggunakan pendekatan proyek dengan metode utama yaitu tutorial dan praktik langsung yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2021. Berdasarkan hasil angket, 88% guru setuju bahwa pelatihan memberikan tambahan pengetahuan mengenai literasi. 83% menyatakan setuju bahwa pelatihan ini memberikan dampak positif pada peningkatan kompetensi guru dalam hal menyusun instrumen asesmen literasi. Selain itu, 81% guru setuju bahwa pelatihan serupa perlu dilaksanakan kembali dengan topik yang berbeda. Instrumen asesmen hasil pelatihan ini divalidasi secara mandiri oleh peserta dan 68 dari 89 peserta (76%) instrumen asesmen yang dihasilkan memili kevalitan 61-80% dari seluruh soal yang dihasilkan. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan pengembagan instrumen asesmen berbasis literasi untuk guru ini telah berhasil membuat guru guru lebih kreatif dalam menyusun instrumen asesmen berbasis literasi, jenis soal lebih variatif, dengan validitas dan reliabilitas yang terjamin.  Dengan demikian, diharapkan siswa akan lebih terlatih dan kompeten dalam bidang literasi.  The teacher's ability to teach and assess literacy skills needs to be continuously improved, considering that many teachers still have difficulties assessing literacy skills. This service intends to train teachers in terms of developing literacy assessment instruments. This service uses a project approach, with the main technique being tutorials and hands-on practice, which will be held in October 2021. Based on the questionnaire results, 88% of teachers agree that the training provides additional knowledge about literacy. 83% agreed that this training positively improved teacher competence in terms of preparing literacy assessment instruments. In addition, 81% of teachers agreed that similar training should be re-implemented with a different topic. The participants independently validated the assessment instrument resulting from this training, and for 68 of the 89 participants (76%), the resulting assessment instrument had a validity of 61-80% of all questions generated. Thus, the training in developing literacy-based assessment instruments for teachers has provided additional knowledge, increasing teacher competence in preparing literacy assessment instruments.