A Coronavirus Disease 2019 especific Hospital-at-Home was implemented in a 400-bed tertiary hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Senior or immune-compromised physicians oversaw patient care. The alternative to inpatient care more than doubled beds available for hospitalization and decreased the risk of transmission among patients and health care professionals. Mild cases from either the emergency department or after hospital discharge were deemed suitable for admission to the Hospital-at-Home. More than half of all patients had pneumonia. Standardized protocols and management criteria were provided. Only 6% of cases required referral for inpatient hospitalization. These results are promising and may provide valuable insight for centers undertaking Hospital-at-Home initiatives or in the case of new COVID-19 outbreaks.
Objective Admission hyponatremia is related to poor outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). Few studies have examined the influence of hyponatremia in the prognosis of HF patients without previous admissions. Our aim is to determine whether baseline hyponatremia predicts worse outcomes in a cohort of real-world HF patients admitted because of a first episode of acute HF. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 985 patients >50 years of age admitted within a two-year period for a first episode of decompensation of HF. We divided the sample according to the presence of hyponatremia, defined as serum sodium <135 mEq/L. We compared one-year all-cause mortality rates between groups, using Cox regression analyses. Results The patients' mean serum sodium at admission was 138 ± 4; 150 (15.2%) patients had hyponatremia. Hyponatremic patients had lower hematocrit values compared with the rest. Global mortality rates were higher across all evaluations (one, three, and 12 months) in the hyponatremia group, although statistical significance was not reached. After one year of follow-up no differences in patients' baseline sodium values were found between those who died and survivors (137.9 vs.138.6; p = 0.05). Natremia at admission considered as a continuous variable (HR 0.971; IC 95% 0.945-0.997) was associated with mortality; however, multivariate Cox regression analysis did not confirm this association. Conclusions Admission hyponatremia is not uncommon even in patients admitted for the first time because of acute HF. However, hyponatremia in this cohort of patients does not seem to influence significantly in short- to mid-term mortality.
3 Methoden zur Bestimmung des Gesamtthyroxins im Serum werden hinsichtlich Richtigkeit und Präzision miteinander verglichen. Die praktische Bewährung der drei Tests wurde anhand von 179 Seren überprüft. Die Errechnung des Gesamt-T^ aus dem PJB 127 I (T^PBJ) ergab sowohl "in Serie" als auch "von Tag zu Tag" mit Variationskoeffizienten von 3,5 bzw. 3,1% die beste Präzision. Auch bei der Prüfung der Richtigkeit zeigte sich für das T 4 -PBI die beste Korrelation zwischen Beobachtung und Erwartung (r = 0,9972). Der Nachteil der Methode liegt in der fehlenden Spezifität für Thyroxin. Bei der direkten Bestimmung des Gesamtthyroxins nach der Isotopenverdünmmgsmethode von MURPHY und PATTEE (T^-M) lag der Variationskoeffizient als Maß der Präzision doppelt so hoch wie beim T 4 -PBI. Die Richtigkeit erfüllte mit einem r = 0,989 die üblichen Anforderungen an ein klinisch-chemisches Verfahren. Vorteil des Isotopenverdünnungsprinzips ist seine absolute Spezifität für Thyroxin. Die Bestimmungskapazität entspricht mit 100 Seren/5 Stdn. etwa der Leistungsfähigkeit der automatischen PBI-Bestimmung. Eine kommerzielle Modifikation der MuRPHY-PATTEE-Methode (Tetrasorb-Abbott-Test', T C T) erwies sich sowohl hinsichtlich der Präzision (VK = 15,8 bzw. 11,6%) als auch der Richtigkeit (r = 0,963) als den beiden anderen Verfahren unterlegen. Besonders im Meßbereich über 12 /Mg/100 m/ Thyroxin waren Präzision und Genauigkeit unbefriedigend.
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