Introduction: Ambulances had special rule of velocity. Ambulances could accelerate over 80 km/h and could break through traffic light. During transport the patient might be got cardiac arrest. Almost all of the pre hospital nurses had reported that doing CPR during transport was difficult. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of traveling time 20 km/h, 40 km/h and 60 km/h on technical indicators of CPR.Methods: Design used in this study was pre-experiment. The population were nurses in ambulances 118 of Dr. Soetomo hospital Surabaya. A total of 14 respondents were taken as samples by purposive sampling. The independent variable was effectiveness of traveling time, while the dependent variable were technical indicators of CPR: Tidal Volume (TV), landmark hand position, deep of chest compression and chest compression rhythm in manekin. Data were measured by observation sheet and then analyzed using Chi-square test with level of significance α ≤ 0.05.Result: The result showed that travelling time 20 km/h and 40 km/h had a significant effect on technical indicators of CPR, but not at 60 km/h.Conclusion: It could be concluded, the faster the travelling time, the more difficult to perform CPR. Further study should involve the travelling time and the accuracy of CPR technical indicators to treat and safe the patients, either in traumatic or non traumatic case.

Introduction: Shift work, primarily night shift may worsen some health disturbances because it changes especially circadian rhythm. Therefore, it may lead to sleep disturbance, increased vital signs (heart rate, respiration rate and blood pressure), bowel disturbance, reaction times, conscious stage and increased work stress. The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between shift work and Nurse’s circadian rhythm. Method: These study was cross sectional with nurses in Flamboyant Intermediate Surgical Ward Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya as subjects. Samples were recruited by using total sampling and there were 15 samples as on inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using Paired t-Test, Krusskall-Wallis, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, Anova and Chi-Square with significance level α≤0.05. Result: The result showed that shift work had no correlation with nurses’ work stress (p=0.221). Nurses stress stage had no differences in three of shift (p=0.757). While shift work had correlation with nurse’s circadian rhythm disturbance (p=0.038) and night shift had differences circadian rhythm disturbance (p=0.038). Discussion: It can be concluded that there was correlation between shift work and circadian rhythm disturbance, however there is no correlation between shift work and work stress. Further studies are recommended to identify the dominant factor which cause work stress for nurses.

Introduction : Desinfection process at laringoscope by using alcohol 70% was not effective for hidrofil’s viruses. The activity mechanism of alcohol 70% is protein denaturation, baktericid for vegetative’s and tuberculoside’s cell. Decontamination with chlorine 0.5% and alcohol 70% have an enzyme inactivity, protein denaturation and inactivity sour of nukleat, so that alcohol desinfectan 70% and chlorine 0.5% much better in pursuing growth of microorganism, but the effectivities of chlorine 0.5% and alcohol 70% for amount of germ’s colony at laringoskop still need furthermore clarification. Objective of this study was aimed to explain the effectiveness of combination of alcohol 70% disinfectant and chlorine 0.5% to decrease germ’s colony in  laringoscope.Methods : A quasy eksperimental (control group pre-post test) total sampling design was used in this study. Population were all of laringoscope which used at room operate of emergency departemen 5th floor Dr. Soetomo general hospital of Surabaya. The independent variable was 1) combination of alcohol 70% disinfectant and chlorine 0.5%, 2) alcohol 70% disinfectant only and dependent variable was germ’s colony. Data were analyzed by using Paired t-Test with significance level p<0.05.Results : The result showed that there was an effectiveness combination of chlorine 0.5% and alcohol 70% to decrease germ’s colony (p=0.000) and the effectiveness of alcohol 70% to decrease germ’s colony (p=0.591). Conclusion: It can be concluded that combination of chlorine 0.5% and alcohol 70% more effective to decrease germ’s colony in  laringoscope. It is recomended that the existence of periodical inspection of laryngoscope to decrease risk of nosocomial infection.