Life cycle of the firm has an important role in the dynamics of firm's capital structure. A firm will take different funding decision along the life cycle because the firm's characteristics that affect the capital structure will adjust itself as the tranformation of the life cycle occuring. The research objectives were to analize the dynamic of firm's capital structure across three-life cycle stages of Indonesian manufacturing companies listed with a total sample of 121 companies observed during the period from 2011 to 2016. By using dynamic panel data analysis with Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model, we find that profitability and liquidity affect the firm's life cycle for a growing stage, meanwhile the fixed asset, growth opportunities, profitability, and liquidity affect the capital structure for a mature stage, whereas only liquidity that affects capital structure for a decline stage. The coefficient of lag dependent variable of GMM model representing the previous year capital structure showed an adjustment rate of capital structure. The lowest speed of adjustment occurred on the decline stage which was orderly followed by the growth and mature stage.Abstrak: Siklus hidup perusahaan memiliki peranan penting dalam dinamika struktur modal suatu perusahaan. Perusahaan akan memiliki keputusan pendanaan yang berbeda pada setiap siklus hidupnya, karena karakteristik perusahaan yang mempengaruhi struktur modal akan berubah mengikuti perkembangan siklus hidup yang terjadi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menganalisa dinamika struktur modal perusahaan selama tiga tahap siklus hidup yang terjadi pada perusahaan manufaktur go public di Indonesia, dengan total jumlah 121 perusahaan yang diamati selama periode 2011-2016. Dengan pengolahan data yang dilakukan dengan analisis data panel dinamis dengan model Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), kami menemukan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh pada siklus hidup growth adalah profitabilitas dan likuiditas perusahaan. Berbeda halnya pada siklus hidup mature, variabel yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal adalah aset tetap, pertumbuhan, profitabilitas, dan likuiditas perusahaan. Sementara pada siklus hidup decline, variabel yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal adalah likuiditas perusahaan. Nilai koefisien lag variabel terikat pada model GMM yang mewakili struktur modal tahun sebelumnya menggambarkan kecepatan perusahaan dalam menyesuaikan struktur modalnya. Tingkat kecepatan penyesuaian struktur modal terendah ada pada siklus hidup decline yang diikuti berturut-turut oleh perusahaan yang berada pada siklus hidup growth dan siklus hidup mature.
Working capital management is important for managers to manage business operations smoothly and efficiently. This study investigates impact of working capital management and macroeconomic condition on profitability in Indonesian property industry. This study used data from the quarter financial report of 19 property firms listed in indonesia stock exchange over the period 2011-2015 quarterly, while GdP, inflation, and interest rate data were obtained from Statistic Indonesia and Bank of indonesia. the data were analyzed using panel data regression analysis. this study found that accelerating Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) and being more aggressive in working capital policy would improve profitability. Furthermore, the result showed that macroeconomic condition, firm size, sales growth, and capital structure have significant effects on the profitability.
ABSTRAK Laporan Hasil Pemeriksaan BPK atas laporan keuangan suatu entitas pemerintah memuat opini yang merupakan pernyataan profesional pemeriksa mengenai kewajaran informasi keuangan yang disajikan dalam laporan keuangan. Pemeriksa BPK menggunakan empat kriteria dalam mengevaluasi laporan keuangan untuk membentuk opini pemeriksaan, yaitu kesesuaian dengan Standar Akuntansi Pemerintahan (SAP), kecukupan pengungkapan, kepatuhan terhadap peraturan perundangundangan, dan efektivitas sistem pengendalian intern. Opini wajar tanpa pengecualian diberikan untuk laporan keuangan yang bebas dari salah saji material dan/atau penyimpangan (fraud). Namun masih banyak ketidakpatuhan yang terjadi di berbagai entitas pemerintah dan merugikan negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korupsi yang dilakukan oleh kepala daerah dan pengaruhnya terhadap opini BPK serta membangun model yang menunjukkan hubungan antara opini BPK dengan korupsi yang dilakukan oleh kepala daerah. Penulis menggunakan regresi logistik ordinal dan ditemukan bahwa ada korelasi antara opini BPK dengan korupsi yang dilakukan oleh kepala daerah. Model terbaik dari regresi logistic ordinal menunjukkan bahwa opini BPK secara dominan dipengaruhi oleh kepatuhan keuangan terhadap SAP, peraturan perundang-undangan dan efektivitas sistem pegendalian intern.
The era of globalization is called the era of technological revolution 4.0, where technology is developing rapidly, all-digital technology is an absolute requirement for human resources to enter the world of work and business. There are still limited levels of education, skills, competence. The weaker motivation of human resources is the impact of rampant downsizing of the workforce, the bankruptcy of large and small companies. This paper aims to comprehensively present the role and influence of innovation and strategic management on the readiness of human resources to enter the world of work and business in the era of globalization – technological revolution 4.0, interpreted using a descriptive qualitative method of reviewing various literature and study results to enrich writing insights. The results of the writing show that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a very large and significant impact on all aspects of human life and almost all government institutions/organizations/companies in the world, in the economic, social, political, etc. fields, will become history that will never be forgotten for all people. who live in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. The occurrence of various technological changes is required to increase innovation and creativity in managing strategies to deal with it. Technological change does not automatically bring goodness. Digital literacy is different from a digital mindset. In innovation and strategic execution/implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the most important stages and government alignment (regulation, conducive alignment).
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