The aim of this study was to compare the physiological, mechanical and perceptual responses to two sprint interval training (SIT) sessions with very short vs. long sprints, and to verify if those differences could be reflected in measures of acute fatigue. Eleven physically active men performed, after the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) determination, SIT5s (16×5s with 24s of recovery) and SIT20s (4×20s with 120s of recovery) in random order on a cycle ergometer. Physiological, mechanical, and perceptual responses were evaluated during and after the sessions. The countermovement jump (CMJ) height and autonomic control of heart rate (HR) were evaluated before and after the sessions. Diet was also controlled through recall questionnaires. During the training, SIT5s exhibited greater HR, VO2, power output, and total work (TW) (p<.05). In contrast, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), rate of fatigue (RF), and blood lactate (BLa) % accumulation were greater in SIT20s (p<.05). The OMNI-cycle Scale Rating of Perceived Exertion (OMNIcycle scale) and Feeling Scale (FS) scores were similar during both protocols (p>.05). A faster HR recovery (HRR) and a higher CMJ height were observed after the SIT5s (p<.05). However, HR variability (HRV) was similarly depressed after both protocols (p>.05). Some correlations between the mechanical and physiological responses were revealed only in the SIT5s. SIT5s was demonstrated to be more efficient as exhibited by greater mechanical responses associated with a higher aerobic activity, when compared to the volume-matched SIT protocol of longer sprints. Simple monitoring tools such as HRR and CMJ could help practitioners to detect differences in acute fatigue after different SIT sessions.

This study aimed to: (1) investigate the influence of a 2-weeks sprint interval training (SIT) program on aerobic capacity, cardiac autonomic control, and components of attention in young healthy university students; and (2) to ascertain whether training fidelity would influence these adaptations. One hundred and nine participants were divided into an experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups. The EG performed a SIT program that consisted of 6 sessions of 4 × 30 s “all-out” efforts on a cycle ergometer, interspersed with active rests of 4 min. The criterion for fidelity was achieving >90% of estimated maximum heart rate (HR) during sprint bouts. After analyses, the EG was divided into HIGH (n = 26) and LOW (n = 46) fidelity groups. Components of attention were assessed using the Attention Network Test (ANT). Aerobic capacity (VO2max) was estimated while the sum of skinfolds was determined. Autonomic control of HR was assessed by means of HR variability (HRV) and HR complexity at rest and during ANT. Both HIGH and LOW significantly increased aerobic capacity, vagal modulation before and during ANT, and executive control, and decreased body fatness after SIT (p < 0.05). However, only participants from HIGH showed an increase in HR complexity and accuracy in ANT when compared to LOW (p < 0.05). Two weeks of SIT improved executive control, body fatness, aerobic fitness, and autonomic control in university students with better results reported in those individuals who exhibited high fidelity.

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A escola, além de transmitir conhecimentos sobre a saúde organizados em diversas disciplinas, deve também educar e desenvolver valores relacionados ao estilo de vida e a posturas críticas diante da realidade social, em um processo de aquisição de competências que Motriz, Rio Claro, v.18 n.3, p.581-589, jul./set. 2012 Training strategies for elementary education teachers in physical activity and health eating Abstract:The study evaluated the learning effects generated by long (IL) and short (IC) educational interventions in health eating and physical activity knowledge. 42 teachers from two public elementary schools completed knowledge questionnaires with a 0-10 grade, pre and post-intervention. IL offered a 40 hours course and IC offered a 30 minutes lecture, and both groups received the same printed educational material. The intervention produced a statistically significant (p<0.05) increased in averaged health eating knowledge [IL: +1.19 (SE=0.31) and CI: +1.18 (SE 0.34) points]. In physical activity, change in average knowledge was only statically significant in IL [IL + 1.69 (SE=0.52) and IC -0.36; (SE=0.45) points]. There were significant differences between groups in final notes for physical activity knowledge. Simple educational activities produced positive effects on health eating knowledge however, for physical activity may be necessary longer intervention.

Background and Objectives: Hemodynamic stress during resistance training is often a reason why this training method is not used in cardiac patients. A lifting protocol that imposes rests between repetitions (IRRT) may provide less hemodynamic stress compared to traditional resistance training (TT). The aim of this study was to verify differences between set configurations on hemodynamic stress responses in resistance training. Materials and Methods: We compared hemodynamic (heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and rate pressure product (RPP)) responses assessed with the auscultatory method in elderly (age = 75.3 ± 7.3 years) coronary male patients who were participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program allocated to either TT or IRRT with the same load (kg) and total number of repetitions (24) in the bilateral leg extension exercise. Results: IRRT resulted in significant lower values than TT for RPP at repetitions 8 (p = 0.024; G = 0.329; 95% CI: 0.061, 0.598) and 16 (p = 0.014; G = 0.483; 95% CI: 0.112, 0.854). Conclusions: IRRT appears to be a viable method of reducing the hemodynamic response (i.e., RPP) to resistance training and, thus, may contribute to the safety of cardiac rehabilitation programs. Further studies with more cardiac patients and other measurement techniques should be conducted to confirm these important findings.