SUMMARYExtensive losses of neural tissue preclude the repair performed by means of primary anastomosis. In those cases, nerve autograft is considered as the treatment of choice. The synthetic tube constituted by polyglycolic acid is an option for nerve graft. The FK506 is an immunosuppressive agent, which increases the neural regeneration rates in vivo and in vitro. The purpose of this study was to compare, in rats, the degree of neural regeneration, by using histological analysis, a count of the number of regenerated myelinated axons, and a functional analysis, obtained by interposing the autogenous graft (group A), polyglycolic acid tube (group B) and a combination of polyglycolic acid tube with FK506 (group C) in 5-cm defects of the sciatic nerve. Neuroma formation was observed only in group A. Groups B and C presented similar histological patterns. The quantitative analysis of the number of regenerated myelinated axons has determined that: 1) group B presented, in average, a lower number when compared to the other groups; 2) there was no significant difference between control group A and group C. For functional recovery, there was no statistically significant change between the three groups, despite the qualitative and quantitative histological differences seen.
Diplodon rhombeus fontainianus (Orbigny, 1835), belongs to the family Hyriidae Swainson 1840, the distribution of which is restricted to South America and Australasia. This species, endemic to Brazil, occurs in the central-southern geographical region, Upper Paraná Basin and Atlantic Microbasins Espirito Santo to Paraná states. The mollusk lives buried in muddy substrata, has similar sized adductor muscles, and is dioecious, lacking sexual dimorphism. The apertures are simple (type AII of Yonge, 1948Yonge, , 1957 as in Diplodon rotundus gratus, Castalia undosa martensi, Castalia undosa undosa and mantle fusion is present only in the base of the exalant aperture. The inhalant aperture exhibits tentacles originating from the inner fold while the exhalant aperture has no tentacles. The ctenidia are type D (of Atkins, 1937). A well-developed marsupium is present in the inner demibranch. The association between the ctenidia and the labial palps belongs to category I (of Stasek, 1963). The stomach constitutes a type IV structure (of Purchon, 1958). The posterior sorting area (psa) presents two pouches in Diplodon rhombeus fontainianus. Among the Hyriidae, the presence of these pouches has also been described in several species of Hyriidae from South America. The organization of the gut in the visceral mass follows the same pattern seen in the Hyriidae already studied: Castalia undosa martensi, Castalia undosa undosa, Diplodon.rotundus (1948, 1957) semelhantes a Diplodon rotundus gratus, Castalia undosa martensi, Castalia undosa undosa e a fusão do manto ocorre apenas na dobra interna na base da abertura exalante. A abertura inalante exibe tentáculos de origem da dobra interna e a exalante não possui tentácu-los. Os ctenídios são do tipo D (de Atkins, 1937). O marsúpio, presente na demibrânquia interna, é bem desenvolvido. O estômago pertence ao tipo IV (de Purchon, 1958
INTRODUÇÃO: A auto-enxertia de nervo é considerada tratamento de escolha nas grandes perdas de tecido neural que não permitam a reparação através de anastomose primária. Nesses casos, o tubo sintético à base de ácido poliglicólico é uma alternativa para enxertia de nervo. Por outro lado, muitos estudos têm enfatizado a importância dos fatores neurotróficos na regeneração neural: o monossialotetraesosilgangliosídeo (GM1), um dos principais glicoesfingolípides do tecido nervoso de mamíferos, é tido como potencializador dos efeitos desses fatores. OBJETIVO: Comparar, em ratos, o grau de regeneração neural, utilizando análise histológica, contagem do número de axônios mielinizados regenerados e análise funcional com a utilização do neurotubo e do GM1. MÉTODOS: Essa avaliação foi obtida com a interposição de enxerto autógeno (grupo A), tubo de ácido poliglicólico (grupo B) e da associação do tubo de ácido poliglicólico à administração de GM1 (grupo C) em defeitos de 5 mm no nervo ciático. RESULTADOS: Foi observada formação de neuroma apenas no grupo A. Os grupos A e C apresentaram padrões histológicos semelhantes, exceto que os axônios regenerados do grupo C apresentavam-se mais organizados e mielinizados que o grupo A. CONCLUSÃO: Na recuperação funcional, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os três grupos, a despeito das diferenças histológicas qualitativas e quantitativas verificadas.
Glycerol-preserved autogenous or allogeneic veins showed similar results to autograft results. The autogenous vein (without preservation in glycerol) presented histological and functional outcomes statistically lower than other groups.
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