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Summary A total of 100 samples of abdominal fluid (AF) from 100 horses with abdominal disease were evaluated by cytology. Cytology results were subsequently correlated with the final outcome of the disease. The horses were classified into 4 groups: Group I, horses that were treated with conventional (nonsurgical) therapy and recovered; Group II, horses that had surgery and survived; Group III, horses that had surgery but died; and Group IV, horses that were subjected to euthanasia prior to surgery. Statistical analysis showed that both nucleated cell count and total neutrophils were significantly higher in Group III than in Group I; and that the total mesothelial cells were significantly higher in Group III than in Groups I and II. No significant differences were found for erythrocyte counts and fluid total protein levels among the 4 groups. The findings suggest that classifying AF as transudate, modified transudate and exudate, as well as grading of inflammation as mild, moderate and severe on the basis of nucleated cell count (NCC) and fluid total protein (AFTP) can be greatly misleading. Differential identification of the nucleated cells was found to be far more reliable than the NCC alone, with or without the AFTP, and rendered valuable information, which overuled many times a diagnosis of transudate or modified transudate. Bands, metamyelocytes, toxic changes, plasma cells, and neutrophils penetrating rafts or fronds of mesothelial cells, supported a diagnosis of inflammation, even when the NCC, and the AFTP (interpreted according to currently accepted values) suggested otherwise. Several morphological features were found, including some cell types for which little or no mention was found at all in 22 major studies of this fluid in horses. Among these were ‘reddish neutrophils’, large granular lymphocytes (LGL), plasma cells, Mott cells, blasts, and a unique hitherto undescribed granular mesothelial cell.

Résumé Quatre cas de papillomatose equine congenitale ont été identifiés parmi 555 tumeurs cutanées observées dans le département de pathologie du Collège Vétérinaire de L'Université d'Ontario, au cours d'une période de 10 années. Un cinquième cas a été observé au delà de la dite période. Deux tumeurs de ce type furent trouvées chez des Pur Sang, une chez un Standardbred, une chez une Arabe et un autre cas chez un animal dont la race ne fut pas précisée. Les localisations anatomiques furent la cage thoracique, la tête, les membres postérieurs et le front. Zusammenfassung Vier Fälle equiner congenitaler Hautpapillomatose konnten anlässlich einer Uebersichtsuntersuchung von 555 Hauttumoren festgestellt werden (Institut für Pathologie, Ontario Vet. College). Die Untersuchung erstreckte sich über eine Zeit von 10 Jahren. Ein fünfter Fall, der nach dieser Zeit untersucht worden ist, wird ebenfalls eingeschlossen. Zwei der Tumoren fanden sich bei Vollblütern, einer bei einem Traber, einer bei einem Araber und einer bei einem Tier ohne sichere Rassenzugehörigkeit. Die anatomische Lage der Tumoren verteilte sich auf die Rippen, den Kopf, die Nachhand und zweimal auf die Stirn. Summary Four cases of equine congenital cutaneous papillomatosis were found during a review of 555 cutaneous tumours received at the pathology department, Ontario Veterinary College, during a 10‐year period. A fifth case received after that period was also included. Two of the tumours were found in Thoroughbreds, one in a Standardbred, one in an Arabian and in one case the breed was not specified. The anatomical locations were the rib cage, head, hind leg and 2 on the forehead.

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Abstract. A series of 40 tumors with a proven diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma for which both histology and cytology were available were classified according to their histologic appearance as well differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated. The Romanowsky-stained cytology specimens were reviewed. When available, Papanicolaou-stained smears were included. The cytologic findings for each of the 3 groups are described, and the most significant findings are photographically illustrated.Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are epithelial tu-1) Well-differentiated tumors: Tumor cells frequently mors commonly arising from the skin 3 or in organs with stratified squamous epithelium, such as tongue, esophagus, pharynx, nasal septum, 17 and uterine cervix.18 Several species can be affected, and at least 3 histologic subtypes can be found in domestic animals: 2 well differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated.17 In 1 series of 555 cutaneous tumors, 33 SCCs were found; 20 were well differentiated, 4 were moderately differentiated, and 9 were 3 poorly differentiated.3 Although there are some publications dealing with the cytologic diagnosis of SCC, 1,5,12,15 the cytology of these tumors has not been thoroughly described, nor has emphasis been placed on the staging of SCC by means of cytology. Cytologic diagnosis has attained an important position in veterinary medicine, and a more detailed study of SCC cells with emphasis in the degree of differentiation is necessary to be able to render a more accurate prognosis based upon cytologic examination. In the present study, the cytology of SCC in domestic animals is described in detail. Materials and methodsA series of 40 histologically proven squamous cell carcinomas from 20 dogs, 7 cats, 7 horses, and 6 cows were selected. The tumors were graded according to their histologic appearance on hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections as well differentiated (WDSCC), moderately differentiated (MDSCC), and poorly differentiated (PDSCC). The arranged in whorls (pearls) with intensely eosinophilic keratinized centers. Many intercellular bridges throughout the section. Moderately differentiated tumors: Cells frequently arranged in cords or nests; few whorls present, a few of which contained little eosinophilic comified material. Cells with intercellular bridges infrequently seen. Poorly differentiated tumors: Only a few individual cells are keratinizing; cord formation is common. Cells are generally smaller than in other subtypes of SCC.The Romanowsky (Wright)-stained cytology smears of each group were reviewed. When available, Papanicolaou-stained smears were also included. The Papanicolaou staining procedure was modified as recommended by the University of Rochester Medical Center. 8 The methods for the collection of the cytology specimens are shown in Table 1. The most representative cytologic features of all groups were photographed a and are described. ResultsOf the 40 tumors, 17 were WDSCC, 17 were MDSCC, and 6 were PDSCC. Of the...