Car CO 2 regulation effective policy to reduce transport CO 2 emissions. Learning rate above 12.5% can lead to sharp increase in electric vehicle deployment. Electric vehicles can foster the deployment of variable renewable electricity. Policies for other modes needed to curb transport CO 2 growth. a b s t r a c tWe analyse the impact of the current and an alternative stricter EU CO 2 car legislation on transport related CO 2 emissions, on the uptake of electric vehicles (EV), on the reduction of oil consumption, and on total energy system costs beyond 2020. We apply a TIMES based energy system model for Europe. Results for 2030 show that a stricter target of 70 g CO 2 /km for cars could reduce total transport CO 2 emissions by 5% and oil dependence by more than 2% compared to the current legislation. The stricter regulatory CO 2 car target is met by a deployment of more efficient internal combustion engine cars and higher shares of EV Total system costs increase by less than 1%. The analysis indicates that EV deployment and the decarbonisation of the power system including higher shares of variable renewables can be synergistic. Our sensitivity analysis shows that the deployment of EV would sharply increase between 2020 and 2030 at learning rates above 12.5%, reaching shares above 30% in 2030. Finally, the study highlights that, besides legislating cars, policies for other transport sectors and modes are needed to curb transport related CO 2 emission growth by 2030.

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