Rhetorical style transfer from first language to a foreign language can be serious problems in academic writing, such as research articles (RAs). This study is aimed at analyzing the rhetorical style of Indonesian RA introductions in multiple disciplines written by Indonesian authors and published in Indonesian research journals especially on the ways authors justify their research topic and research activity and suggesting potential problems if this style is used when writing RAs in English. Four hundred RAs written in Indonesian by Indonesian speakers were selected for this study from mostly university-based research journals. The analyses were conducted using a genre-based analysis method following a problem justifying project model by Safnil [2001. Rhetorical structure analyses of Indonesian research articles. An unpublished PhD diss., the Australian National University, Canberra Australia]. The results show that: (1) unlike English authors, Indonesian authors consider establishing shared background knowledge important in their RA introductions but not justifying their research project; (2) Indonesian authors justify their research topic by personal reasons and reviewing the current knowledge and practices and (3) while some use subjective and practical reasons to justify their research projects, many do not justify it at all. If Indonesian authors use this rhetorical style when writing RAs in English, this can cause the article to be rejected by international journals. ARTICLE HISTORY

Abstract-Leraning method inovation will influence learning media used and it is hoped to improve learning qualities. One of them is improving students' critical listening ability. This research was done to know the students activities in learning critical listening by using interactive multimedia and to measure the effetiveness of that multimedia in improving students' critical listening ability. The data was taken through test, observation, and interview. The result of the research were (1) the students created active, creative, and effective learning process independenly in measuring and developing each step of listening learning model. (2) Interactive multimedia was effective learning media to improve students' critical listening skill. It could be seen from improving critical listening ability in limited test at experiment class was 42,98%, whereas at control class the rise was only 7,36%. For extensive test, the improving of critical listening ability at experiment class was 33,88%, while control class was only up at 2,62%. (3) Critical listening strategy performance in PMAI Model could improve students' critical listening ability so that this model is better to be applied as an implimentation of reference in listening learning model. (4) Learning media with interactive multimedia can improve students' critical listening skill than audio learning media because listening is not only aural aspet but also visual aspect integrated with multimedia.

Nowdays, there are many translation problems although software application to assist translation are available. The objectives of this research were to identify types of error in translation, students’ difficulties in translating text, and factors which influence students’ error in translating in English department of State Institute for Islamic Studies Bengkulu. This research  used descriptive quantitative method. The results of this research showed that students’ difficulties in translating English text, were elliptical errors (67.29%), idioms (87.5%), and textual meaning (73.54).  The difficulties of students in translating were  lack of vocabulary (87,50%), difficult translating Islamic texts (75,00%), literary works (66,66%), and grammatical issues (62,50%). Then, the factors affected students’ error in translation were ignorance of ellipsis; unable to identify ellipsis, idiom, and lexical meaning; lack of strategy in translating ellipsis,  idiom, and lexical meaning; translating words per word; most students lack a strong background on the content of the text. It was concluded that the students got three types of error in transalation, four points difficulties in translation, and six factors which influence the students’ error in translation.Keywords: Translation, difficulties, and English text

Tidak semua guru dan dosen memahami gaya penulsan hasil penelitian atau karya ilmiah yang baik, baik diterbitkan dalam prosiding maupun dalam jurnal khususnya bagian abstrak dan pendahuluan. Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk meningkatkan kualitas guru profesional melalui model pelatihan induktif partisipatif dalam penulisan karya tulis ilmiah bagian abstrak dan pendahuluan. Model pelatihan induktif partisipatif penulisan karya tulis ilmiah jurnal hasil penelitian dalam meningkatkan kualitas profesional guru dan dosen bahasa di Lubuk Linggau bermanfaat bagi pengembangan profesional guru dan dosen dalam penulisan karya ilmiah yang bermutu, mendapatkan pengetahuan dan wawasan yang luas terhadap perkembangan ilmu dan jurnal ilmiah baik lokal maupun nasional, meningkatkan intensitas program dalam wadah prfoesionalitas guru melalui Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP), dan mampu berkompetensi dalam konfererensi atau seminar baik nasional maupun internasional, serta publikasi seperti Seminar Nasional MLI Cabang Bengkulu, JOALL, Wacana, Diksa, Triadik, dan Analisis Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan.

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