We study a nonlinear elliptic problem with Robin type boundary condition, governed by a general Leray–Lions operator with variable exponents and diffuse Radon measure data which does not charge the sets of zero p(·)-capacity. We prove an existence and uniqueness result of a weak solution.

L'exercice de la psychiatrie en Afrique au Sud du Sahara se heurte à de nombreux problêmes d'acceptabilité des soins par les malades et leurs familles. Le rejet fréquent de la démarche thérapeutique des psychiatres s'explique peut-être par l'inadaptation de l'approche étiopathogénique. En effet, en Afrique Noire, les responsables des maladies diffèrent selon qu'on a été à l'école ou non. L'école occidentale apprend aux minorités qui ont la chance d'y aller ou de l'approcher que le corps humain peut être agressé par des bactéries, des virus, des mycoses ou autoagressé par des modifications de sa propre physiologie. L'éducation traditionnelle, quant à elle, fait du corps une entité mystérieuse susceptible d'être pénétrée ou mangée par les génies et les sorciers anthropophages, suivant un mécanisme mystico-religieux lié aux croyances et coutumes. Chez la majorité des Moosé du plateau moaga du Burkina Faso, ces agresseurs sont des génies ancestraux ou des génies de brousse, en particulier dans le domaine de la folie. L'explication de la souffrance psychologique par un conflit familial, social ou intrapsychique indépendant du monde invisible est à la limite délirante pour eux, provoquant ainsi leur résistance à la prise en charge psychiatrique complète de ces malades. Une analyse des causes probables de cette résistance nous a paru nécessaire. À l'aide d'interviews, elle nous a montré que l'institution psychiatrique est vécue par les Moosé du Kadiogo comme une étape dans l'itinéraire thérapeutique de leurs malades mentaux, étape au cours de laquelle leur demande de soins se réduit à la suppression du symptôme qui dérange. Pour eux, la suppression de la cause relève d'un savoir que ne possède pas le psychiatre, ce qui rend la relation thérapeutique frustrante de part et d'autre.The practice of psychiatry in the south of the Sahara in Africa collides with many problems of acceptability of care for the ill and their families. The frequent rejection of the psychiatrist's therapeutic approach can often be explained by the inadaptation of the etiopathogenic approach. Indeed, in black Africa, responsibility of illness differs according to the fact that one has been schooled or not. The western world teaches minorities having the chance to live there or learn about it, that the human body can be assaulted by bacteria, viruses, mycoses or be self-assaulted by changes of its own physiology. Traditional education, for its part, regards the body as a mysterious entity susceptible of being penetrated or eaten by geniuses and anthrophagic sorcerers following a mystico-religious mechanism linked to beliefs and customs. In the majority of the Moose of the Moaga plateau in Burkina Faso, especially regarding madness, these assailants are ancestral geniuses or geniuses from the bush. Psychological suffering caused by a family, social or intrapsychic conflict independent of the invisible world is ultimately delirious for them thus provoking a resistance to give up complete charge of their mentally ill to psychiatric care. For us, an ...

Background: Sub-Saharan women use smokeless tobacco (SLT) more than smoked tobacco. Among Western African countries, the estimated weighted prevalence of SLT use in rural women was found to be the highest in Burkina Faso (after Sierra Leone). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of SLT use and its associated factors among rural women in Burkina Faso by using nationally representative data. Methods: We used data from the 2013 STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) study, which provided sociodemographic, clinical (anthropometric, systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP] and dental symptoms), biological (total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood sugar), and tobacco and alcohol consumption data. Data for 1730 rural women were used, and we performed Student's chi-squared and logistic regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of current SLT use was 13.8% (95% CI: 12.2-15.5). Significant risks for SLT use were the presence of dental symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.59; p < 0.001), undernourishment (aOR = 1.78; p < 0.01), decreased waist circumference (aOR = 0.98; p < 0.05), decreased DBP (aOR = 0.97; p < 0.01), increased SBP (aOR = 1.01; p < 0.05), and increased differential blood pressure (aOR = 1.01; p < 0.05). The co-use of alcohol was also a significant risk factor (aOR = 2.80; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of current SLT use was high among rural women in Burkina Faso, and significant concerns for users included alcohol co-use, the occurrence of dental symptoms, undernourishment, and an increase in differential blood pressure. National Public Health interventions are needed to reduce SLT use and its healthrelated concerns.

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Aims: Fish is a product more and more consumed in Burkina Faso, especially in Ouagadougou. Poor sale and storage conditions can impact on the hygienic quality of fish. The objective of this study was to identify the contamination risks due to the sale and storage conditions of smoked, dried and fresh fishes. Study Design: A descriptive design was used to identify the different types and origins of fish on the markets in Ouagadougou and the practices and conditions of sale that could be sources of chemical and microbiological contamination. Place and Duration of Study: Relevant data was collated in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) from February 2019 to July 2019. Methodology: A survey was conducted among traders of dried and smoked fish from 50 markets and major sales sites in Ouagadougou. Data collection was done using a questionnaire developed with Sphinx Plus2 software. Results: The results indicated a higher proportion of men (75%) than women (25%) with an age between 21 and 45 years old were participated in fish trade. The fish encountered in the markets of Ouagadougou come from Sourou, Kompienga and Bagré, as well as from external suppliers such as Côte d'Ivoire, Mali and Senegal. The different types of fish sold were dried or smoked carp (36.67%), smoked catfish (23.33%), dried Nanani or Djêdjê wala (concorde) (13.33%), smoked Macharon (10%), smoked Racok (10%) and smoked eels or Roolgo in mooré (local language) (6.67%). The types of fish most purchased by consumers, in order, were: Carp, Catfish, Macharon, Nanani. In addition, the study detected risks of contamination of the fish, namely: exposure material consisting of tables and baskets, conservation at room temperature, storage period of 10 to 30 days, no training in hygiene, fish served with bare hands, exposed to dust and stray animals. Conclusion: In sum, the study revealed some characteristics of the fish industry in Ouagadougou and also risks of contamination of fish sold on the markets.