<p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini memotret kembali karakteristik pemikiran Sayyid Quthb yang diklaim sebagai seorang tokoh fundamentalis, radikal dan ekstrimis. Akan tetapi berdasarkan penelitian dengan mengambil sampel pemikirannya tentang konsep ukhuwah, klaim di atas tidaklah benar seluruhnya. Ketika mengkaji pemikirannya tentang ukhuwwah, Sayyid Quthb adalah seorang tokoh pemikir Islam yang toleran dan cinta perdamaian. Hal ini terlihat dari beberapa bentuk pemikirannya yang dianggap cukup terbuka. Pertama, menurutnya toleransi adalah unsur yang paling penting bagi terwujudnya perdamaian. Kedua, seorang mukmin apabila berpaling mereka melakukannya dengan beradab, penuh wibawa, dan penuh harga diri. Ketiga, kebebasan beragama merupakan hak asasi manusia yang karena iktikadnya itulah ia layak disebut manusia. Keempat, masalah akidah, sebagaimana dibawa oleh Islam, adalah masalah kerelaan hati setelah mendapatkan keterangan dan penjelasan, bukan pemaksaan dan tekanan. Kelima, setiap orang mukmin adalah bersaudara apapun kelompok, manhâj, atau alirannya, mereka adalah bersaudara.</p><p><strong>Abstract: The Reinterpretation of Ukhuwwah Thought of Sayyid Quthb</strong>. This research attempts to depict the thoughts of Sayyid Quthb who has always been claimed to be a fundamentalist, radical and extremist. However, based on research by taking samples of his thoughts about the concept of ukhuwah, the above claims are not entirely true. While reviewing his thoughts on ukhuwwah, he is a tolerant Islamic thinker, and a love of peace. This can be seen from some of his thoughts that are considered quite open among them. First, according to him tolerance is the most important element for the realization of peace. Second, a believer when turned away they do it with civilized self-responsibility. Thirdly, freedom of religion is a human right in which creed, one deserves to be called human. Fourth, the problem of faith, as tought in Islam, is a matter of willingness after receiving information and explanation, rather than coercion and pressure. Fifth, every believer is in a bond of brotherhood regardless of their group and mainstreams.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Sayyid Quthb, fundamentalisme, radikal, ukhuwwah</p>
PendahuluanPerkara yang paling asasi ditekankan oleh al-Qur'a> n dan al-Sunnah dalam proses mewujudkan dan melahirkan pemerintahan Islam adalah "soal kepemimpinan". Karena begitu pentingnya masalah ini sehingga para ulama -baik yang klasik maupun modern merasa perlu menulis secara khusus tema ini dalam berbagai karyanya. Hal ini misalnya sebagaimana diungkapkan oleh al-Shahrasta> ni> . Ia mengatakan: "permasalahan yang paling besar berlaku di kalangan umat Islam adalah tentang kepemimpinan (al-Ima> mah). Tidak pernah berlaku dalam zaman manapun, peperangan yang lebih besar di kalangan umat Islam dari pada yang berlaku karena masalah kepemimpinan." Bahkan dalam H{ adi> th-pun Rasululla> h menekankan akan pentingnya peran pemimpin walau dalam keadaan apapun:
In the midst of unstable democracy system, the idea about Islamic state or khilâfah, referring to some Muslim thinkers’ views, begins to get fresh wind. This writing presents al-Maududi’s view on Islamic state and khilâfah system centered in theo-democracy that is still unclear how to be implemented in the real practice especially in our situation now. Substantially, his basic ideas are acceptable, for example his thought of goals and functions of state establishment. However, his view that only men are eligible to be ‘amîr is difficult to accept for public today. Al-Maududi is one of Muslim scholars who is persevering in establishing an Islamic state based on al-Qur’an and Hadist. Basically, al-Maududi agrees any state form. However, he emphasizes the significance of theo-democracy state model as a characteristic of an Islamic state that is different from republic system that applies democracy in the West.
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