Objetivo: analizar la percepción de productores de sorgo sobre la incidencia y daños del pulgón amarillo y sus enemigos naturales, así como los métodos de control para fortalecer estrategias de manejo integrado y reducir daños causados por el áfido en tres localidades de la región poblana productora de este grano. Metodología: mediante un muestreo por conveniencia y una guía de entrevista se recopiló información de 44 productores asistentes a reuniones realizadas por el Comité Estatal de Sanidad Vegetal. Resultados: el cultivo de sorgo fue de temporal. Los grandes problemas que los productores identificaron en sorgo fueron cuatro, 66% señaló al pulgón amarillo como el principal. Los productores percibieron infestación en todas sus parcelas en diferentes etapas del cultivo. Se utilizó principalmente insecticidas químicos para el control del áfido, seguido de la combinación con enemigos naturales. El 77% observó enemigos naturales del áfido en su parcela, de los cuales catarinas y sírfidos tuvieron mayor presencia. El 70% indicó que los enemigos naturales están amenazados por las altas dosis de insecticidas aplicados. Limitaciones: si bien el estudio se realizó en tres localidades, este permitió comprender los elementos principales del fenómeno estudiado. Conclusiones: los productores percibieron e identificaron el pulgón amarillo del sorgo como el principal problema del cultivo y afectó toda la superficie. Precisaron la presencia de al menos un enemigo natural en su parcela. Sin embargo, la alta aplicación de insecticidas tiene efectos adversos en los mismos, hallazgos que reflejan un potencial biológico importante para usarse en el manejo del áfido.
Objective: The objective of this research was to analyze the use of agricultural technology and the profitability of the tejocote (Crataegus spp.) production system and its explanatory factors, in order to identify actions to increase the income of fruit growers. Design/methodology/approach: Two patterns were used (producers who carry out good phytosanitary practices and producers who export). A stratified sample of 90 fruit growers was obtained, with 95% reliability and 10% accuracy. Subsequently, a survey was carried out and the profitability of tejocote production was calculated with the data. In addition, the explanatory factors of profitability were identified using a multiple regression model. Results: Profitability, measured with the Benefit-Cost indicator, ranged from 0.13 to 2.38, and an average of 0.84. In the scenario of not accounting for family labor or depreciation of infrastructure, a Benefit-Cost Ratio from 0.35 to 6.37 is achieved, with an average of 1.90. The use of technology, measured by the technological index (TI) in the cultivation of tejocote was significant to improve profitability. The average profitability of the high TI stratum is different from the average profitability of the medium and low TI strata. In addition, the explanatory factors of profitability that were significant (p≤0.05) were technological index, phytosanitary control, training, schooling and size of the plantation. Study limitations: Most producers do not keep a record of production activities and costs. Likewise, in the analysis of economic profitability it is difficult to assess indirect benefits, intangible benefits and externalities. Findings/Conclusions: It was found that the tejocote activity is profitable for producers who use more technology and have a greater number of trees in production. The variables that most impact profitability were use of technology, phytosanitary control, size of the plantation, and training.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.