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Inferior vena cava pseudo aneurysms are rare clinical entities with an uncertain natural history due to its rarity and limited follow up information. IVC injuries are managed according to the patient's presentation and hemodynamic status. This case report describes clinical presentation of a 30 years old man with history of fall from height, infra renal IVC pseudoaneurysm found with FAST and CT scan abdomen, our treatment plan and his clinical outcome.

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Abstract:The efficiency of any cryptographic algorithms depends on both security and operational speed. When a message is encrypted using any cryptosystems it produces only one level of security because it converts the plaintext into ciphertext where the ciphertext is not easily tractable. To increase the security in any cryptographic algorithm, normally the size of the plaintext and key should be taken very largely. Further, additional levels of security have been introduced in this paper to enhance the security. For that, the message to be encrypted is encoded first so that original form of the message is altered called the first level of security. The encoded message is sometimes too large so that it is compressed which results in changing the encoded form of message called second level security. Finally, the compressed message is encrypted using any one of the public-key cryptosystems by determining the block size dynamically which produces the third level of security. Thus, an integrated approach is proposed called encoded compressed cryptosystem in this paper.

An optical network is a type of data communication network built with optical fibre technology. It utilizes optical fibre cables as the primary communication medium for converting data and passing data as light pulses between sender and receiver nodes. The major issue in optical networking is disjoints that occur in the network. A polynomial time algorithm Wavelength Division Multiplexing-Passive Optical Networking (WDM-PON) computes disjoints of an optical network and reduces the count of disjoints that occur in the network by separating Optical Network Units (ONU) into several virtual point-to-point connections. The Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) filter is included in WDM-PON to avoid the traffic in the network thereby increasing the bandwidth capacity. In case of a failure or disjoint Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is used to find the optimized shortest path for re-routing. For enhanced security, modified Rivert Shamir Adleman (RSA) algorithm encrypts the message during communication between the nodes. The efficiency is found to be improved in terms of delay in packet delivery, longer optical reach, optimized shortest path, packet error rate.