In the outside of the train the BSs for railway is designed in a different manner. The Omni-directional antennas are used for the railway BSs for less energy consumption. The coverage area of one BS is overlapped with the nearest BS as a function of the average expected speed of the train. The railways Base Stations are connected to the BSC, MSC and PSTN as like the conventional cellular system as well as there is a point to point connection line between two adjacent BSs to transfer the control information firstly. When the train passes through the overlapping area of the cells, the handoff is occur and all the controls are transferred from the previous BS to the next BS to

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract