Most people now have their meals outside their homes and are vulnerable to illness caused by food. Unsafe food preparation and supply by vendors have made food safety a concern for public health. Jashore is a densely populated city, this study was designed to evaluate food safety knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of food vendors in Jashore region, Bangladesh. A randomized descriptive cross-sectional study on food safety KAP was conducted among 200 food vendors. Where 96% were male food vendors, 72.5% were smokers, and 63% were found to be overweight or obese. While 72.5% vendors had good knowledge of food safety, only 33% and 0.5% had good food safety attitude and practice, respectively. Among the socio-demographic factors investigated, only the level of education showed significant influence (p = 0.005 and 0.015) on the food safety knowledge and practice of the vendors. While handling food, over 90% vendors did not use any personal protective equipment, 4.5% had diarrhoea, 8.5% did not wash their hands after going to the toilet and 28.5% reused previous leftover oils. The data suggest that the overall food safety knowledge of suppliers in the Jashore region is good but their attitudes and practices need to be improved.

Purpose This paper focuses on exploring the disparities in social awareness and use of the Internet between urban and rural school children in the North of Vietnam. ApproachA total of 525 pupils, aged 9 to 11 years old, randomly selected from 7 urban and rural schools, who are Internet users, participated in the study and consented to responding to a questionnaire adapted from an equivalent European Union (EU) study. A comparative statistical analysis of the responses was then carried out, using IBM SPSS v21, which consisted of a descriptive analysis, an identification of personal self-development opportunities, as well as issues related to pupils' digital prowess and knowledge of Internet use, and Internet safety, including parental engagement in their offspring's online activities. FindingsThe study highlights the fact that children from both the urban and rural regions of the North of Vietnam mostly access the Internet from home, but with more children in the urbanized areas accessing it at school than their rural counterparts. Although children from the rural areas scored lower on all the Internet indicators, such as digital access and online personal experience and awareness, there was no disparity in awareness of Internet risks between the two sub-samples. It is noteworthy that there was no statistically significant gender difference towards online activities that support self-development. In relation to safe Internet usage, children are likely to seek advice from their parents, rather than through teachers or friends. However, they are not yet provided with an effective safety net while exposing themselves to the digital world.

The results of this study show significant gastroprotective activity of EEAA may be due to presence of phyto-constituents like flavanoids, saponins and tannins.

The present study was carried out to investigate the microbiological quality and antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogenic bacteria isolated from vegetable samples. A total of 14 vegetable samples, 7 from local and 7 from super shops, were randomly collected from different locations of Dhaka city. Concentrations of total heterotrophic bacteria, total coliform, faecal coliform, Pseudomonas spp., Listeria spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were enumerated from each sample by serial dilution and spread plate technique. Presence of Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. and Vibrio spp. were determined by enrichment and selective plating methods. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the isolated bacteria were determined using Imipenem (10 ?g), Ceftriaxone (30 ?g), Sulphamethoxazole (25 ?g), Ampicillin (10 ?g), Gentamicin (10 ?g), Aztreonam (30 ?g), Cefuroxime (30 ?g) and Oxacillin (5 ?g) antibiotic discs. The local market vegetables showed higher proportions of E. coli (4/7, 57.14%) but the super shop vegetables showed higher proportions of Pseudomonas spp. (5/7, 71.42%) and Listeria spp. (5/7, 71.42%). Pathogenic bacteria isolated form the super shops showed increased resistance against (5/8, 62.5%) antibiotics tested against the pathogenic bacteria. Contamination of vegetables by a range of pathogenic bacteria in local and super market vegetables is a serious threat to public health if they are consumed raw or unprocessed. Higher antibiotic resistance in pathogens isolated form supermarket vegetables needs to be investigated in order to monitor and control spread of infections with drug resistant bacteria. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v4i1.22755 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.4(1) 2014: 13-18

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the implementation of the flipped classroom method in teaching the course and to investigate the student’s perceived helpfulness, learning outcomes and satisfaction in respect of the pre-class learning videos. Design/methodology/approach Pre-class learning videos were integrated into a course to encourage students to acquire knowledge before lectures and workshops. Having completed the flipped classroom, a delivery questionnaire containing all items was distributed to all of the participants. The data collected were analysed statistically, using a structured equation modelling technique. Findings Findings indicate that the perceived quality of experience of using videos before lectures and workshops has a positive influence on the perceived helpfulness of the pre-class learning videos. Furthermore, the perceived helpfulness of the pre-class learning videos has a positive effect of the acquisition perceived learning outcomes. The perceived helpfulness of the pre-class learning videos also has a positive impact on the student satisfaction with the course. Finally, there is a positive and causal relationship between the perceived learning outcomes and student’s satisfaction with the course. Originality/value Analysis reveals that the learning process and student satisfaction are improved by using pre-class learning videos.