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Existing single-channel orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system can transmit data from single source to single destination occupying the entire link but bit error rate (BER) provided by these systems is quite high. The multichannel system gives the liberty to route the traffic through the different channels depending upon the availability. So there is a need to design a multichannel system which can transmit the data at higher rate by transmitting multiple symbols simultaneously with improved BER. So, in this research work, we propose a multichannel OFDM system by using an advanced modulation technique, i. e. quadrature amplitude modulation which not only improves the capacity but also makes the system power efficient. In order to demonstrate that our proposed system is power efficient, a set of simulations have been performed. Results show that BER (as a function of power) obtained for the proposed system is low in comparison to the already existed phase shifting keying- and differential phase shift keying-based system.

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This research paper reveals the design of controller with optimization techniques for automatic generation control (AGC) in multi-area power system incorporated with diverse energy sources. The diverse sources are conventional thermal, hydro and gas power station (THG). The frequency deviations should be remains constant in modern power systems. Optimization techniques used for proposed model for proportional integral (PI) controller which is tuned for AGC with diverse energy sources. The battery energy storage system (BESS) and extra high voltage alternating current/ direct current (EHVAC/DC) link investigated with proposed model.  The proposed model has been tested with 1% step load perturbation (SLP) and MATLAB/Simulink verified their results. All the simulation results justified the area control error (ACE) with frequency deviation & tie-line power flow for area-1 and area-2. The comparative study done for PI controller with GA & PSO in the proposed model. It has shown its efficacy with proposed model including BESS and EHVAC/DC- link using GA and PSO.