Abstract. Class Antagonism and Class Consciousness In Novel Human Earth Works Pramoedya Ananta Toer (Marxist Theory Approach). The purpose of this study was to: (1) Describe the picture of class conflict in the novel Earth of Mankind by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. (2) Describe the class consciousness of the Earth Novel Human Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The data used in this study a sentence or paragraph that contains a picture of class conflict and class consciousness that is present in Earth's novel Man Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Data collected by reading techniques and note techniques. Based on this analysis we can conclude several things, namely: (1) the class antagonism is one form of fraud against human values, because in it there is oppression, deprivation, injustice and lack of freedom the Proletariat. The bourgeoisie has caused many problems of humanity. The conflict that led to the conflict between Native people are Nyai Ontosoroh as the Proletariat by Europeans as the bourgeoisie. (2) Nyai and Minke has been trying hard to fight against the bourgeoisie. However, not all desirable things can be owned and not all desired can be realized even with maximum effort. A struggle not only be seen from the results, but can be seen as a long process that forms an inner personality.

Abstract. Sense, Reference, and Genre Merahnya Merah Novel by Iwan Simatupang (Hermeneutic Paul Ricoeur analysis). Paul Ricoeur's her meneutic theory call edautonomousmeaningfulliterarytextsofthe writers' intentions. Textis notonly are flection of the author's psychological and sociologi calcon text in which the tex twas produced. Meaning of the text can be traced from his relationship with the text bythe meaning (sense), the relationship with thetext-external world formed byreference(reference), can also be determined by the meaning of a literary genre. The text in the novel Merahnya Merah, Iwan Simatupang work, shows that poetic sense of meaning by reference is indeed possible. Dialectic between sense with reference means thedialecticbetweenthe text's meaning to the event. Meaning it is supported also by the nature of the genre’s novel.

Abstract Abstract: Ths research studied the proper name of Bugis tribe as a symbol of oral and written language. The symbol was originated from either Bugis language and culture or others. The languge was selected through a convention among Bugis community. However, there were always a historical bacground to achieve a convention on the choise of the language used as the proper name of Bugis people. For instance, most former names of Bugis people using Bugis language were changed into Arabic language after the people converted to Islam in the 17 th century. This study applied historical approach towards the texts of Bugis proper names that were changed based on religious, political, and social evnts. In fact, the series of Bugis events were written in the changes of Bugis proper names. Bugis conquest by the Kingdom of Gowa-Tallo in Islam's War (Musu Selleng), the Dutch and Japanese colonization, Kahar Muzakkar rebellion, the arrival of schools and popular culture, was the backdrop of events changing the proper name of Bugis.

This research will explore the life journey of a prominent Indonesian writer, Putu Wijaya. His life history is traced especially his connetion to  traditionality and modernity, starting from childhood until graduating from high school in Bali, as a student to his graduation in Yogyakarta, then moving to settle and making art in Jakarta. The three places gave him an intense understanding of the traditionalities of Bali, Java, and the Archipelago. At the same time, the three places also provide him with an understanding of modernity. The various forms of traditionality and modernity mingled in Wijaya’s works, traditionalities such as fairy tales, wayang stories, and even mystical things that do not make sense also influence Wijaya's way of thinking. Meanwhile, one of the important modernities that also influenced him since childhood was Indonesian language. The language was chosen and designed based on the modern thinking of linguists Von de Wall, HC Klinkert, and Van Ophuijsen from the Dutch colonial state. Wijaya's mingling of traditionality and modernity allows him to write fluently various things, including the absurd and the absurd. His understanding of himself and his readers who were victims of feudalism and colonialism, made him write literary works to make his readers think more freely. This makes Wijaya's literary works tend to have a postmodernist style

Abstract Abstract: Ths research studied the proper name of Bugis tribe as a symbol of oral and written language. The symbol was originated from either Bugis language and culture or others. The languge was selected through a convention among Bugis community. However, there were always a historical bacground to achieve a convention on the choise of the language used as the proper name of Bugis people. For instance, most former names of Bugis people using Bugis language were changed into Arabic language after the people converted to Islam in the 17 th century. This study applied historical approach towards the texts of Bugis proper names that were changed based on religious, political, and social evnts. In fact, the series of Bugis events were written in the changes of Bugis proper names. Bugis conquest by the Kingdom of Gowa-Tallo in Islam's War (Musu Selleng), the Dutch and Japanese colonization, Kahar Muzakkar rebellion, the arrival of schools and popular culture, was the backdrop of events changing the proper name of Bugis.