The purpose of this study is that healthcare professionals play the most significant role in tackling pandemic COVID-19 and are considered as the most vulnerable and at-risk population for infection. An effective response to a pandemic depends on the attitudes and behaviors of physicians, nursing, staff, lab technicians, and other support staff.  The study was conducted to explore the attitudes and behaviors of health care professionals towards preventive measures against COVID-19. The study was designed following the positivistic research paradigm hence cross-sectional survey research was selected as the most appropriate design. For the purpose of data collection, a self-administered structured questionnaire was developed and used. The survey was conducted during the month of March 2020 in Punjab through an online data collection method from 150 health care professionals working in various public sector hospitals in Punjab. The questionnaire was uploaded on the survey monkey website and shared on various social media platforms to collect data in order to get responses. Results show that self-reported anxiety level is high among physicians and nurses as compared to technical and support staff.  Data shows that there are significant differences in attitudes and behaviors towards preventive measures against pandemic COVID-19 between physicians and nurses especially about the adoption of various techniques for improving immunity.  It was also found that there are significant attitudinal and behavioral differences according to sex, region of residence, and marital status of health care professionals.

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The objective of the study wass to explore the primiparous women’s lived experiences of their child birth at an institutional facility. The research phenomenon required an in depth inquiry to get an in depth understanding of primiparous women’s perspective. Therefore, a phenomenological research design was selected to study the issue. The researcher has benefitted from the deductive logic (Charmaz, 2006) and used a semi structured interview guide was used as a tool of data collection. Yet it was flexible and was only used to consider the relevant aspect of birthing experience into consideration. For data collection, the potential participants were the primiparous women, who had a live, healthy and vaginal birth with or without epidural, at a health facility, not more than a year ago. Sample size of 10 primiparous women was determined on saturation principle. Participants, from both rural and urban background, were recruited from children OPDs of 4 public and private hospitals in Lahore during Pandemic COVID-19. The concept of birth experience was discussed from social, physical and emotional aspect. The data was recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated in English language. The data was cleaned and researcher developed familiarity by reading and rereading of data. Data analysis was performed following the Van Manon’s approach for phenomenological analysis. The cross cutting themes were identified as 1) Meaning and Motives of child birth 2) Physicality during child birth and 3) Continuous Social Support during labor and delivery. The study concludes that every women is unique and so is their birthing experience. Primiparous women feels accomplished on being mother irrespective of the gender of the child if they have a consistent support from their families, spouse and care providers. Keywords: Primiparous women. Birth Experience, Institutional Birth and Vaginal delivery.

The aim of the study is to look into the nurse’s views of the conflict in family and work demands working in various hospitals of Sargodha District. The study follows a quantitative methodology hence survey research design is considered as the most appropriate research design for this research. Structured questionnaires was developed containing 21 items. Data was collected through personal visits. The population for this study was nurses working in government and private hospitals of district Sargodha. For the respondent selection, a multi-stage sampling method was used.  In first stage six government and private hospitals were selected through simple random sampling. Target was three government and three private hospital located in district Sargodha. Purposive sampling was employed in the second stage of sampling to choose a sample of 150 nurses from randomly selected hospitals. Results from the study showed that work family conflict was more evident among nurses aged 25-35 and married having 1-3 children. The result of the study showed that as compared to family demands, work demands are more strongly associated with work family conflict. The study recommends that work family conflict should continue to be researched further. In particular, a national study of nurses and the profession should be conducted. The nursing profession’s collective voice ought to be heard in Pakistan.