Background Faulty dietary habits and overnutrition are prevalent among Egyptian patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who do not receive nutrition care as part of treatment. Thus, this study was conducted to identify the effect of nutrition counseling on the nutritional status of patients with MS. This endeavor might provide evidence for the value of counseling in such a setting and advance the integration of nutrition counseling into the routine management of patients with MS. Methods A single-blinded, parallel-randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at Kasr Alainy MS Unit on 120 eligible patients with MS from September 2019 to February 2020. Patients were randomly allocated to either the nutrition counseling intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG). Allocation concealment was performed by using sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelopes. All patients were assessed initially and complied with the Kasr Alainy MS Unit standard management protocol for the study period. Only patients in the IG underwent initial nutrition counseling sessions followed by a monthly evaluation. All patients were assessed at the end of the 3-month follow-up period. Sociodemographic data were gathered through a structured interview. Nutritional status was assessed anthropometrically and via 24-h recall. The 2 groups were compared initially and at the end of the follow-up. Both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were conducted. Results At baseline assessment, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 31.7% and 32.5%, respectively, and the mean body mass index was 27.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2. Mean waist circumference was 93.5 ± 11.9 and 99.2 ± 13.1 cm for males and females, respectively. Approximately 27.3% of males and 83.9% of females showed abdominal obesity. After 3 months of counseling, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, nutrient intake and adequacy significantly improved in the IG (p < 0.05). Conclusion Nutrition counseling significantly improved anthropometric measurements, dietary habits, nutrient intake and adequacy. Trial registration The study was registered on ClinicalTrial.gov and was given a code (NCT04217564).

The efficacy of six pesticides belonging to different chemical groups namely (Neomyl 90% SP, Agrinate 24% SL, Mesurol 2% RB, Metarol 5% EG, Biogard 6.5% WP and Cranch 10% Sp) against the glassy clover snail M. cartusiana with various concentration and applications under laboratory and field conditions. Results showed that, under laboratory conditions the cumulative mortality percentage increases with the increase in the time of exposure to the pesticide, as well as the concentration rate. Data revealed that, Neomyl, Agrinate, Metarol and Mesurol were the most effective while Cranch and Biogard were the lowest. Regarding field trial, results revealed that, the efficacy of ready pellet baits was increased when applied by hand sowing than in piles on plastic pieces as in Metarol and Mesroul. Conversely, Neomyl and Agrinate exhibited the highest reduction percentage when applied as poisonous bait (piles on plastic pieces) than spray application. In concerning to Crunch and Biogard they show weak efficacy whether applied by poisonous baits or spraying

Background: Faulty dietary habits and overnutrition are prevalent among Egyptian multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who do not receive nutrition care as part of treatment. This study was conducted to explore the impact of nutrition counselling on the nutritional status of MS patients. Methods: A single-blinded, parallel randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) was conducted at Kasr Alainy MS Unit (KASMU) on 120 Eligible MS patients from September 2019 to February 2020. Patients were randomly allocated to either Nutrition counseling intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). Allocation concealment was done by sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelopes. All patients were assessed initially then followed the KASMU standard management protocol for the study period. Only patients in the IG underwent initial teaching sessions followed by monthly evaluation (nutrition counseling). All patients were assessed at the end of end of 3 month follow up period. Sociodemographic data was gathered through a structured interview. Nutritional status was assessed anthropometrically, by 24-hour recall and by Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). The 2 groups were compared initially and at the end of follow-up. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the difference between the two arms in quantitative outcomes. Chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests, and Mann-Whitney U test were used in quantitative outcomes. The alpha value (α) was set at 5%. Both Intention To Treat (INT) and Perprotocol (PP) analyses were performed. Results: At baseline assessment, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 31.7% and 32.5% respectively, mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2. The mean waist circumference was 93.5±11.9 and 99.2±13.1 cm for males and females, respectively. About 27.3% of males and 83.9% of females showed abdominal obesity. After 3 months of counseling, weight, BMI, waist circumference, food consumption and nutrient intake and adequacy significantly improved in the IG (p<0.05).Conclusion: Nutrition counselling significantly improved anthropometric measurements, food consumption, nutrient intake and adequacy. The study was registered on ClinicalTrial.gov and was given a code (NCT04217564).