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As a developing country, Malaysia needs to produce adequate human resource in science and technology related fields. This is important especially towards making Malaysia a developed nation by 2020. Unfortunately, there is a downward trend in the number of students pursuing the science stream at the secondary education level. Lack of motivation has been identified as one of the cause of this phenomenon. This paper introduces an enhanced science textbook using Augmented Reality (e-STAR) application that facilitates students in science learning.  The e-STAR is intended to motivate the students to be more interested in science.  This paper also discusses on the evaluation of the e-STAR among a sample of form two secondary school students. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires for evaluating the following dimensions: motivation, ease of use, engaging, enjoyment and fun. The results indicate that the users agreed on all the dimensions. The findings proved that the e-STAR application can be one of the potential solutions to the above mentioned phenomenon.

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The use of multimedia instructions for learning purposes has become very common due to the advances of the Internet technology. With this reason, museums around the world are utilizing such technology in order to provide richer museum learning experiences to their visitors. This paper discusses a study that investigated the relationship between multimedia instructional strategies with individual cognitive styles preferences in a museum environment. Comparison of the web-based and physical museum settings , the findings based on a pre-test post-test quasi experiment reveals that the general performances of museum visitors exposed to multimedia instructions in a web-based environment is better than in the physical environment. Further analysis on the individual cognitive styles preferences (SCSD) and the combined cognitive style (CCSD) were also discussed. The analysis also reveals that there is an interactive effect between the individual cognitive styles and the multimedia instructions in the museum learning experience.

Purpose: The study aimed to identify the cultural identity of the Mien ethnic group and their adaptation to dominant society.   Theoretical Framework: The study was conducted physically at Mae Yao District of Chiang Rai Province, located in the northern part of Thailand.   Methodology: The qualitative study employed Esser model of social integration. Primary data was collected from focus groups, in-depth interviews, on-site observations, and secondary data from related documents and research work.   Findings: As part of Thailand's rural population, hill tribes were considered as vulnerable group of society, who mainly depends on slash and burn subsistence farming lifestyle with low-income employment, socially distanced, low education, and poverty. Through the Royal Project of King Rama IX initiatives, issues concerning hill tribe livelihood, including quality of life and cultural preservation have been addressed.    Research, Practical & Social Implications: Socio-economic status and socio-cultural mingling in dominant society for their livelihood are the most significant factors that consequently impact upon their thinking patterns of the individuals and community. Although technology such as mobile phones and the Internet has played an explicit role in the community today, preserving the traditional way of life without oblivion still exists. Digital culture therefore becomes an essential aspect of the community's way of life with the influence of digital media.   Originality: This study provides important impacts to a better identification of the Mien ethnic group cultural and their adaptation to dominant society.