This paper aims to investigate the lexical choices made in the Constitution to represent gender, the granted constitutional human rights of transgender persons, and contradictory social practices from the perspective of making them powerless and marginalized in terms of non-gender binary.  The quantitative analysis of the second section of the Constitution related to human rights and principles of policy for government in terms of nouns and personal pronouns to represent generic pronouns and its implication for gender representation in a legal document was carried out through simple concordance program 4.0.5 by generating word list of data to find the frequencies. Moreover, the basic human rights of dignity, education, health care, financial security, employment opportunities, and equality in all respects ensured to all the citizens of state are discussed and social realizations of these rights for transgender are explored. The findings reveal that transgender persons neither have any representation in the Constitution of Pakistan nor they are the recipients of basic human rights in Pakistani society as compared to other marginalized groups like women, children and differently able people. To conclude, it can be said that although in the last decade, governments have passed some policies (Transgender Persons Welfare Policy, 2018) to empower Transgender community, yet, a long-term nation based social awareness program and implementation of policies are recommended to make transgender persons’ lives better in letter and spirit.

Pakistan is a multilingual country with Urdu as its national language. It is entrenched in one of the post-colonial effects; the influence of the English language and the power which it exerts in Pakistan with regards to the ever advancing global world. The case study aims at voicing the views of university students in a hope that their concerns are addressed at national level, which will ultimately lead to equity in English language classrooms in Pakistan. It seeks to explore the views of Banking and Finance students of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, about the power which English language holds and the multiple ways it is exerted. Forty (40) students, taken through random sampling technique were the participants of study. Quantitative data were collected by administering a questionnaire; whereas, an interview protocol was used for collecting qualitative data. The tools collected data in six categories namely increase in self-confidence, seeking admission in foreign universities, a marker of modernity and social class, attaining a lucrative job, basic schooling and a tag of a good student. The results of the study demonstrated that English language holds a great deal of Power in Pakistan in different walks of life as well as in education of students. Keywords: English in Pakistan, Education, Power of English   

Foreign language learning situations are vulnerable to anxiety arousal and ‘speaking’ is reported to be one of the most anxiety-provoking skills. Keeping in line with this, the present study attempts to examine the level of speaking anxiety experienced by in-service English teachers in their role as students of MPhil/Ph.D. The study also aims at demystifying the major anxiety-evoking factors and the effect of some demographic features on FLSA. To this end, a small-scale survey from 30 in-service English teachers from two districts (Lahore & Multan) of Punjab was undertaken. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23. The findings of descriptive statistics revealed that most of the participants faced a medium level of speaking anxiety with their belief to speak better English at this stage which contributed to arouse their speaking apprehension, followed by fear of presenting in front of the class and finally fear of making mistakes. The results of the Independent sample t-test and Pearson rank correlation coefficient indicated that FLSA had a negative correlation with gender and district whereas a positive correlation was found with teaching experience. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends that to alleviate the debilitating effect of speaking anxiety both teachers and students should be made cognizant of the priority of speaking skill which in turn can guarantee better learning outcomes.

The present study aims to find out the role of language in financial manipulation of working women. Financial manipulation refers to the unfair use of someone’s labor and financial resources. The study population comprises of the working women serving in the provincial government departments located in Dera Ghazi Khan Division in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The sample size of 150 working women through purposive sampling technique is taken for study, and a self-administered questionnaire was served through convenience sampling technique. Dijik’s (2006) idea of manipulation through discourse as appeared in Discourse and Manipulation is taken as theoretical framework for the study. The data is analyzed quantitatively using SPSS.The study concludes that the working women in South Punjab, Pakistan are manipulated financially through various linguistic tools as they intentionally ignore their own needs in order to save family relations and to avoid sarcastic remarks. The study can be helpful for further research to be carried out in the field of women empowerment in society. It can pave the way for future study in the use of language as a tool of manipulation.