This study aims to explore the implementation of attitude measurement tool known as Test of Science-Related Attitudes (TOSRA) in Sindh. 1097 higher-secondary level students from Hyderabad division of Sindh participated in the study. The alpha reliability values of different scale of TOSRA were analysed and enhanced to acceptable and good level using statistical techniques. The alpha coefficients for adapted TOSRA scales were observed as; Social Implications of Science (0.707), Adoption of Scientific Attitudes (0.801), Classroom Enjoyment (0.779), Leisure Interest in Science (0.767) and Career Interest in Science (0.701). The overall alpha coefficient for adopted (five-scale) TOSRA questionnaire administered in this study was 0.912. Similarly, the values of discriminant validity of the scales were deduced using correlation techniques for these scales where mean correlation between the scales ranged from 0.49 to 0.57. The adopted version of TOSRA was developed based on the statistical analyses including Cronbach alpha, Pearson’s correlation, and factor analysis, and showed sufficient validity and reliability to be implemented in subsequent research to measure students’ attitude towards science in province of Sindh, Pakistan. Keywords: Attitude towards Science, TOSRA, Instrument development, Science Education, Higher secondary students

This study investigates men’s understanding, beliefs, experiences, and responses about domestic violence; their personal consciousness about gender relations, notions of masculinity and patriarchy; and their views about marriage and domestic violence. Men still subscribe to very patriarchal views about the contexts of marriage, family, and society. These three sets of main findings are analysed together to establish connections and inter-relatedness between them that lead to further findings about their attitudes and responses to domestic violence. This also provides inferences about the acceptance and tolerance of domestic violence amongst Pakistani rural men. Methodologically, this study is based on qualitative (inductive) method by its nature, where N=15 - male respondents who ranged from 18 to 65 years age have been interviewed from rural taluka Khair Pur Nathan Shah Dadu, Rural Sindh, Pakistan, while employing (Non-probability) purposive sampling with phenomenological approach. The perception and notion of men for committing domestic violence is as a part of their socio-culture beliefs. Besides, this also comprises men’s positive behavioural responses to domestic violence inside and outside of family in rural Sindh, which needs to be re-addressed through the social counselling and demands to be highlighted its impacts on society in general and particularly on women.

This paper is based on literature review discuss the philosophical underpinning like epistemology and ontological frameworks of theoretical and philosophical perspectives. These are usually known and referred as paradigm in the field of research, that we simply identify them as a worldview or a set of assumptions about how things work. Paradigms are comprehensive framework of the beliefs, experiences and beliefs of numerous theories and research practices, which are extensively used in the research process. Basic questions like epistemology tries to answer that what is true or what does distinguish the authentic knowledge from the false and (inadequate) knowledge. This gives birth to basic questions that what is truth, and what counts the knowledge? What is the relationship amongst researcher and what is the already known? How do we come to know? Whereas ontology is oriented the nature of social realism and the things which exist, such as settings of their reality of relationships amongst the objects. The paper argues that phenomenological approach or strategy of inquiry is one of the best approaches in the qualitative research study.

Pakistan is a multilingual country with Urdu as its national language. It is entrenched in one of the post-colonial effects; the influence of the English language and the power which it exerts in Pakistan with regards to the ever advancing global world. The case study aims at voicing the views of university students in a hope that their concerns are addressed at national level, which will ultimately lead to equity in English language classrooms in Pakistan. It seeks to explore the views of Banking and Finance students of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, about the power which English language holds and the multiple ways it is exerted. Forty (40) students, taken through random sampling technique were the participants of study. Quantitative data were collected by administering a questionnaire; whereas, an interview protocol was used for collecting qualitative data. The tools collected data in six categories namely increase in self-confidence, seeking admission in foreign universities, a marker of modernity and social class, attaining a lucrative job, basic schooling and a tag of a good student. The results of the study demonstrated that English language holds a great deal of Power in Pakistan in different walks of life as well as in education of students. Keywords: English in Pakistan, Education, Power of English   

This study was focusing on the present state of technology used by the students at the university level. The prime objectives of this research were to access the current status of technological use by students for devices used mostly, software used frequently, and reason to use technology. The participants of the study were 211 students of B. Ed. (Hons)-Elementary 4-year program randomly selected from Teacher Education departments of four public sector universities. The study was quantitative and a close-ended questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire was self-developed with the help of literature. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined through the Cronbach Alpha technique and that was 0.8. The data was analyzed through frequencies and percentages. The main findings of the study were; students rated themselves that they had fair computer knowledge and access to the internet; most of them were using smartphones and laptops, they were frequently using software such as Google, MS. Word, and MS. PowerPoint and the least used software were such as MS. Excel and LMS. They utilized technology for the learning process, entertainment, and communication, but the use of technology for discussion groups like WhatsApp, Facebook, etc was not found. The study recommended that students should be provided with facilities to use technology efficiently. And rewards and incentives for the successful use of technology for learning purposes can motivate them to usetechnology effectively.