The requirement for optimal strength and lightweight materials is a challenge in today's automotive industry. In this study, the synthesis of aluminum matrix hybrid composites containing magnesium and copper with the addition of graphite 0, 1, 3, and 5% by volume was carried out using powder metallurgy techniques and investigated the effect of the treatment given. The investigation of composite properties was carried out by testing density, porosity, hardness, wear rate, XRD, and SEM investigations integrated with EDS. Optimal conditions indicated composite with a content of 5% volume of graphite with the lowest porosity level of 5.10%, the relative density of 88.67%, and the highest hardness at 50.37 HV, followed by superior wear resistance. This result is supported by observing secondary phase formation and microstructure through XRD and SEM-EDS. The addition of graphite in the composite supports optimizing physical and mechanical properties as a lightweight composite. It deserves to be considered as an alternative material for automotive components.

The research subjects were selected using purposive sampling in the criteria of fresh graduate and served as honorary teacher no more than one year, no more than 25 years old, and worked in a high school in the city of Samarinda. Data collected techniques were in-depth interviews and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) techniques. The analysis technique sought to find meaning themes to become counseling guidance teachers. The results show three main themes, those are counseling guidance teachers interpreted as: 1) a soul calling; 2) to enjoy comfort; and 3) as a part-time job. The sub-theme of: 1) the soul calling is not profit oriented, realizing the future of students, and religious beliefs. The sub-theme of: 2) enjoy comfort that is a sense of comfort when students are helped, enjoy being parents for students, and to get life lessons. The sub-theme of: 3) part-time job is waiting to become civil servants and not easily laid off. Suggestion from this study are excepted to be a reference in helping counseling teachers in the process of valuing their work throught positive environmental conditioning to increase their productivity at work.

Kuri Caddi is located in Nisombalia village, Maros regency, South Sulawesi which has the potential of mangroves and marine ecosystems that are quite extensive and still maintained. This potential then attracts the attention of local tourists and foreign tourists. Communication in English is an obstacle Kuri Caddi community to interact with foreign tourists. An activity called Blue-Forest aims to improve communication skills in using the English language to support the sustainability of mangrove in the hamlet attractions Kuri Caddi. English-card and English speaking is the method used to support these activities. The results of this activity were the increased knowledge of the English language as measured by pre-test and post-test. only 20% of people in Kuri Caddi could answer questions on the pre-test, whereas in post-test, have seen some people who have increased up to 70% in material English card. As for English speaking occurred an increase of 50% from previous pre-test results.

Farmer’s organizations play an important role in the development of the agricultural sector in Indonesia to become a medium for solving agricultural problems. Empowerment of farmers and small businesses in rural areas by the government almost always uses a group approach. One of the fundamental weaknesses is the failure of group development because it is not done through a mature social process. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Gapoktan organizational performance based on the achievement of Gapoktan functions. This study used a quantitative method with the research location of Gapoktan Pottanae, Tajong Village, Tellu Siattinge District, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi. The results of the study concluded that the level of effectiveness of the Gapoktan Pottanae performance based on member responses was only 17,20%. It can be concluded that the implementation of the performance of the Gapoktan Pottanae in Tajong Village is not effective. This Gapoktan has not been able to meet the needs of members, both for the needs of agricultural machine tools and member farm capital, the guarantee of quantity, quality and continuity of results, has not been able to add value to products from member processing, there is no market guarantee and has not even been able to create independent farming for member farmers.

This study aims to determine the effect of body fat percentage on cardiovascular endurance for futsal athletes. This study is an experimental design. The population in this study were Futsal athletes of Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Makassar. There were ten Futsal athletes selected by purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics. Examining the reliability of the data, the researchers did a normality test before calculating the t-test. The results showed that the greater level of body fat the sample had, the lower the cardiovascular endurance of the sample and vice versa, the lower the body fat percentage the sample had, the higher the cardiovascular resistance of the sample. This can be proven from the results of descriptive analysis obtained (1) Fat percentage, obtained an average value of 19, standard deviation of 2.88, minimum value of 5.63, maximum value of 23.80, range 8.40 (2) cardiovascular endurance, obtained average value of 40, standard deviation of 5.63, minimum value of 33.60, maximum value of 51.60, range of 18.00. For testing the normality of the data obtained (1) the percentage of fat obtained asymp = 0.605 (p˃0.005), then this shows that the fat percentage data follows a normal distribution or normally distributed (2) cardiovascular endurance Asymp = 0.995 (p˃0.005), this shows that the cardiovascular endurance data follows a normal distribution or normal distribution. Then to test the hypothesis testing using the SPSS statistical program, the average value of t count (t) = 20.797 * 22.490 (p≤ 0.005), means that there is an effect on body fat percentage on cardiovascular endurance in futsal athletes from Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Makassar's students.