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Photocatalytic degradation is an effective method to alleviate environmental pollution which is caused by organic pollutants. The expanding natural contamination has attracted the overall scientists to deal with the advancement of photocatalyst effectively depends on semiconductor for the treatment of defiled water assets by different natural poisons that are delivered from numerous industries. In this work, the research progress of properties and applications of photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities and understanding of the toxicity mechanisms of different metal oxide nanoparticles are reviewed. The metal oxide nanoparticles are a wide band hole semiconductor that can be eager to create electron opening sets when transmitted with light. Photographs are an actuated electron opening that instigates power hydrogen, oxygen, and debases inorganic/natural/organic mixes to make power. This review aims to examine the wide biological and mechanisms of photocatalytic degradation and antimicrobial applications.

Breast cancer is one of the major causes of increased deaths and it is the focus of researchers across the world. Bacteria are harmful to create human diseases like cholera, jaundice. It is needful to control the growth of harmful bacteria. Andrographis alata is rarely presented, widely used in tribal people, and it is also useful to many diseases. These studies are focused on the control the growth of (Gram‐positive (G+ve) and negative (G−ve)) bacteria, and evaluate the anticancer activity against the MCF‐7 cell line using TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). TiO2 NPs is prepared via A. alata leaf extract. The synthesized TiO2 NPs are characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Antibacterial activity is carried out by disc diffusion method. The anti‐breast cancer activity (MCF‐7 cell line) is determined via MTT assay. The antibacterial activities of TiO2 NPs are tested against the G+ve (Streptococcus pneumonia and Bacillus cereus) and G−ve (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). The greatest zone of inhibition is observed in B. cereus (15 mm) and E. coli (18 mm) at 50 µL. In vitro anticancer efficiency (IC50) of synthesized TiO2 NPs shows good anticancer activity against the MCF‐7 cancer cell line. The prepared NPs show potent antibacterial (foodborne pathogens) and anticancer (MCF‐7) activities, so TiO2 NPs will be useful in biomedical applications.