Purpose -This study examined the relationship between dyadic relationship between leaders and followers (DRLF), distributive justice (DISJ), job satisfaction (JSTC), and organizational commitment (OGCM). Research design, data, and methodology -200 sets of survey questionnaires were distributed to the employees at a municipal office in East Malaysia using purposive sampling technique. Only 60 percent or 115 questionnaires were returned to the researchers. The survey data were analysed using the SmartPLS due to its ability to deliver latent construct scores, handle small sample size problems and estimate relationship between many constructs in the hypothesized model. Results -The findings indicated that there is a significant correlated direct relationship between DRLF and DISJ and mediating relationship between DRLF, DISJ and personal outcomes, which are JSTC and OGCM. Conclusions -This study confirms that DISJ does act as an important mediating variable in the relationship between DRLF with JSTC and DRLF with OGCM. Other dimensions of personal outcomes, such as extra-role behaviour, job motivation and service quality should be considered in future study because they are found to be the important outcomes of the relationship between DRLF and DISJ. The importance of these issues need to be further advanced in future research.

This study measures the relationship between people-based leadership and motivation to perform using self-report questionnaires collected from the staff at a government research university in Peninsular Malaysia. The results of stepwise regression analysis confirm that participative and consultative styles were significantly correlated with motivation to perform a job. This result demonstrates that the ability of leaders to appropriately implement participative and consultative styles in performing daily job operations have increased employees’ motivation to perform a job in the studied organization. Additionally, this study offers discussion, implications, and conclusions.

This research explored the pivotal role of the younger generation in addressing the dangers associated with juvenile delinquency. The study examined the multifaceted benefits of involving youth in preventative and intervention strategies to curb delinquent behaviors. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis, the research highlighted key findings. 1) Early intervention and prevention programs targeting at-risk youth offer a promising approach to disrupting the trajectory of delinquent behaviors. Engaging the younger generation through mentorship, education, and community involvement equips them with essential life skills and values that act as deterrents. 2)The influence of peers and positive role models plays a vital role in shaping behavior. 3) Empowering young individuals to take ownership of change promotes a sense of responsibility and agency. 4) The effective communication methods employed by the youth, such as social media, facilitate the dissemination of anti-delinquency messages. The research emphasized the long-term societal impact of involving the youth. By nurturing responsible, empathetic individuals, society sets the stage for sustained positive change, as engaged youth transition into responsible adults who contribute positively to their communities. Collaborative approaches that involve young individuals in understanding the root causes of delinquency led to more comprehensive solutions. The active involvement of the younger generation through early intervention, positive peer influence, empowerment, effective communication, and community collaboration not only addresses immediate challenges but also shapes a future defined by safer communities and responsible citizenship.

This study investigates the relationship between human-oriented leadership, organizational attachment and encouragement to perform work. A survey method was utilized to collect data from employees at a national election agency in Peninsular Malaysia. The SmartPLS was used to analyze the data and revealed two significant findings: First, relationship between supportive leadership style and organizational attachment was significantly correlated with encouragement to perform work. Second, relationship between participative leadership style and organizational attachment was significantly correlated with encouragement to perform work. The findings endorse that effect of human-oriented leadership on encouragement to perform work is mediated by organizational attachment. Further discussions, implications and conclusion are presented in this study.