This article reviews the literature on non-profit volunteering to argue that the concept of ‘work calling’ is critical to broadening our understanding of volunteer motivation and retention. As an emerging concept, work calling is generally used to explain how individuals satisfy their calling by doing meaningful work. This concept is introduced to the issue of volunteer motivation and retention to detail why volunteers decide to join non-profit organisations and then willingly stay longer. Current theories explain volunteer motivation and retention by focusing on individual factors (commitment and job satisfaction) and organisational factors (management practices, volunteer tasks and organisational reputation). This article integrates work calling with these theories and thus contributes two important insights: (a) volunteers may choose to engage in meaningful work and, therefore, experience self-satisfaction and meaningful life by volunteering; and (b) work calling improves current theories of volunteering motivation and retention at both the individual and organisational levels.

The problems of stress and failure in emotion management among teenagers have always been a major concern among scholars and practitioners. Recent literature has been trying to find the best formula to help teenagers to control their emotions. This study aims to examine the influence of self-healing on teenagers' emotion management. Based on an experimental-quantitative approach including both pre-test and post-test designs, this study details how structured training and practice of self-healing may help individuals in managing their emotions. By taking a research setting in one of the theoretically selected educational institutions, this study periodically tested and observed 40 students as training participants. As a result, apart from demonstrating the uniqueness osf self-healing training which involves spiritual development processes (e.g., pembaiatan, religious learning) and physical exercise (e.g., pencak silat, relaxed breathing training), the findings also show that self-healing has a positive impact on students' ability to control their emotion.

By using a phenomenology study in two cases: Tiban Mosque Turen Malang and the Tomb of Sunan Ampel Surabaya, this research was designed to answer three questions: (1) How are the values of 'Serenity, Sustainability and Spirituality' embodied in religious tourism?; (2) How could managers design a tourism strategy to generate the values of 'Serenity, Sustainability and Spirituality'?; and (3) How is the model of religious tourism management based on the values of 'Serenity, Sustainability and Spirituality'?. As a part of qualitative approach, this research used data collection techniques such as interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study demonstrated that the value of serenity was indicated by peacefulness in mind, feelings and body; the value of sustainability was marked with the environmental, social and economic aspects; and spirituality was specified by connectedness with oneself, the environment and the Transcendent. Related to these values, the managers seem succeeded in designing tourism strategies through strategic planning, asset organizing system, travel guides and evaluation method. This process leads to the emergence of the model of religious tourism management based on the values of 'Serenity, Sustainability and Spirituality'.

One of the ways to raise an entrepreneurial spirit through learning processes is the use of game simulation. Learning materials delivered using game simulation are expected to improve knowledge, understandings, and insights related to entrepreneurship. This study aimed to examine individual’s understanding of game-based entrepreneurship learning based on the expressions of like and dislike. Data of this study were collected by means of an open-ended questionnaire through a survey conducted for nine years (2011-2019). As many as 441 students participated in the entrepreneurship game called “Start and Improve Your Business (SIYB)” at a university in Indonesia. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively using NVivo 12plus. The results showed that participants liked the game because it could increase their entrepreneurial passions, skills, insights, and mindsets. However, what participants did not like about the game was related to its’ characteristics, the personal issues that it came out with, and the teamwork in the game. This study contributes to the development of a game-based entrepreneurship learning model by identifying participants' interests and discussing the strengths and weaknesses of the game implementation.