Objective. To describe the methodology, the research designs used, the estimation and sample selection, variable definitions, collection instruments, and operative design and analytical procedures for the National Survey Violence Against Women in Mexico. Material and Methods. A complex (two-step) cross-sectional study was designed and the qualitative design was carried out using in-depth interviews and participant observation in health care units. Results. We obtained for the quantitative study a total of 26 240 interviews in women users of health services and 2 636 questionnaires for health workers; the survey is representative of the 32 Mexican states. For the qualitative study 26 in-depth interviews were conducted with female users and 60 interviews with health workers in the States of Quintana Roo, Coahuila and the Federal District.Key words: family violence; health workers; sampling design; Mexico
ResumenObjetivo. Describir la metodología utilizada en la Encuesta Nacional sobre Violencia contra las Mujeres 2003 (ENVIM 2003) en México, junto con el diseño de investigación, la estimación y la selección de muestras, la definición de variables, los instrumentos de recolección, el diseño operativo para su instrumentación y los procedimientos de análisis. Material y métodos. En la parte cuantitativa se recurrió a un diseño transversal en dos etapas. En el componente cualitativo se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad y observación participante en unidades médicas. Resultados. Se obtuvo un total de 26 240 entrevistas, aplicadas a usuarias de los servicios de salud; y 2 636 cuestionarios correspondientes a proveedores, que abarcaron los 32 estados de la República. En el estudio cualitativo se llevó a cabo un total de 26 entrevistas de profundidad a usuarias y 60 entrevistas de profundidad a prestadores de servicios de salud en los estados de Quintana Roo, Coahuila y el Distrito Federal.Palabras clave: violencia de pareja; prestadores de servicios de salud; diseño muestral; México L a violencia de pareja es un problema social que debe ser reconocido por toda la población. Ocuparse de ella es darle la debida importancia a uno de los problemas de salud pública que más se ha mantenido oculto a lo largo de la historia. De aquí la importancia de romper con la idea de que es un problema "privado" y hacer públicas estas situaciones que dañan la salud de millones de personas. La violencia de pareja constituye un delito que afecta y deteriora los aspectos más valiosos del ser humano, y puede llegar a costarle la vida.1,2 Desde la perspectiva de salud pública, la violencia de pareja es un problema que ocasiona daño psi-
The prevalence of lipid abnormalities revealed in a survey done in 417 Mexican cities is described. Information was obtained on 15,607 subjects, aged 20 to 69 years. In this report, only samples obtained after a 9-to 12-h fast were included (2,256 cases: 953 men and 1,303 women). The population is representative of Mexican urban adults. Mean lipid concentrations were: cholesterol, 4.80 mmol/l; triglycerides, 2.39 mmol/l; HDL cholesterol, 1.00 mmol/l; and LDL cholesterol, 3.06 mmol/l. The most prevalent abnormality was HDL cholesterol below 0.9 mmol/l (46.2% for men and 28.7% for women). Hypertriglyceridemia ( Ͼ 2.26 mmol/l) was the second most prevalent abnormality (24.3%). Severe hypertriglyceridemia ( Ͼ 11.2 mmol/l) was observed in 0.42% of the population. Increased LDL cholesterol ( у 4.21 mmol/l) was observed in 11.2% of the sample. Half of the hypertriglyceridemic subjects had a mixed dyslipidemia or low HDL cholesterol. More than 50% of the low HDL cholesterol cases were not related to hypertriglyceridemia. Insulin resistance was found in 59% of them.In conclusion, the prevalence of hypoalphalipoproteinemia and other forms of dyslipidemia in Mexican adults is very high and it is among the highest previously reported worldwide. -Aguilar-Salinas, C. A
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