Myricetin is a member of the group of flavonoids called flavonols. Myricetin is obtained from various fruit, vegetables, tea, berries and red wine. Myricetin is characterized by the pysrogallol B-ring, and the more hydroxylated structure is known to be capable for its increased biological properties compared with other flavonols. Myricetin is produced by the Myricaceae, Anacardiaceae, Polygonaceae, Pinaceae and Primulacea families. It is soluble in organic solvent such as ethanol, DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), and dimethyl formamide (DMF). It is sparingly soluble in aqueous buffers. Myricetin shows its various pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-amyloidogenic, antibacterial, antiviral, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-epileptic and anti-ulcer. This review article focuses on pharmacological effects of Myricetin on different diseases such as osteoporotic disorder, anti-inflammatory disorder, alzheimer’s disease, anti-epileptic, cancer, cardiac disorder, diabetic metabolic disorder, hepatoprotective disorder and gastro protective disorder.

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The pharmacological properties of Nigella sativa L. are well attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds, mainly, thymoquinone (TQ), thymol (THY) and α hederin and their antioxidant effects. TQ, THY and alpha-hederin (α-hederin) provide protection to liver from injury via different mechanisms including inhibition of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, elevation in total thiol content and (GSH) level, radical scavenging, increasing the activity of quinone reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione transferase (GST), inhibition of NF-κB activity and inhibition of both (COX) and (LOX) protects liver from injuries. Review and Conclusion: The main aim of this literature review is to reflect the relevant role of ROS in inducing hepatic diseases and also the preventive role of N. sativa L. in hepatic diseases. The present article is directed towards highlighting the beneficial contribution of researchers to explore the pharmacological actions with therapeutic potential of this precious natural herb and its bioactive compounds pertaining to the hepatoprotective effects. We systematically searched for research literature through well-framed review question and presented the data in the tabular forms for the convenience of the readers. Two hundred and forty-one papers were embodied in this review, oxidative effect and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be the major causes of many diseases such as hepatic cancer. Many drugs and chemicals have shown to incite oxidative damage by generation of ROS in the body. Therefore, this review intends to focus the role of ROS in liver diseases and the mechanisms through which N. sativa prevents hepatic diseases. The mechanisms by which N. sativa impede progression in chronic liver diseases should be used as a preventive medicine in patients with hepatic disorders.

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) commonly known as Methi is an annual herb belonging to family Fabaceae. It is cultivated worldwide as a semiarid crop, and its seeds are a common ingredient in dishes from the Indian subcontinent. Its seeds are rich sources of protein dietary fiber, B vitamins, iron and several other dietary minerals. It has many potential medicinal applications in the health industry. It contains compounds which are bioactive such as galactomannan, diosgenin, 4-hydroxyisoleucene, 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H) furanone (stolone), etc. Stolone is the flavor compound of fenugreek and it is now a day's commonly used in food industry for various purposes. Its shows antidiabetic, hypoglycemic, antiallergic and labor and lactation induction properties. It decreases the cholesterol level reduces the body weight by decreasing plasma triglycerides tri glycerides. Fenugreek is known to have hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant potency, digestive stimulant action, and hepatoprotective effect. It is anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antibacterial agent, gastric stimulant, and anti-anorexia agent. Recent research revealed that fenugreek is a valuable medicinal plant of multipurpose uses and may be used for preparing various products such as steroidal hormones. This review presents the major medicinal and other beneficial uses of fenugreek discovered through last many years of research in animal and human subjects as well as in other experimental studies. In this review, we will summarize nutritional, nutraceutical, antioxidant and medicinal properties of fenugreek.

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