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To explore Australian intensive care nurses' knowledge of ventilator-associated pneumonia and self-reported adherence to evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of ventilatorassociated events. DesignA quantitative cross-sectional online survey was used. SettingThe study was conducted in two Australia intensive care units, in large health services in Victoria and an Australia-wide nurses' professional association (Australian College of Critical Care Nurses). Main outcome measuresParticipants' knowledge and self-reported adherence to evidence-based guidelines. ResultsThe median knowledge score was 6/10 (IQR: 5-7). There was a significant positive association between completion of post graduate qualification and their overall knowledge score p = 0.014). However, there was no association (p = 0.674) between participants' years of experience in intensive care nursing and their overall score. The median self-reported adherence was 8/10 (IQR: 6-8). The most adhered to procedures were performing oral care on mechanically ventilated patients (n = 259, 90.9%) and semi-fowlers positioning of the patient (n = 241, 84.6%). There was no relationship between participants' knowledge and adherence to evidence-based guidelines (p = 0.144). ConclusionParticipants lack knowledge of evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of ventilatorassociated pneumonia. Specific education on ventilator-associated events may improve awareness and guideline adherence.

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