Globalization is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide, causing growth in international trade and the exchange of ideas and culture. Ayurveda, the Science of Life, was in previous times, only available in the Indian subcontinent and surrounding countries. But with the advancement of time and technology, awareness of the great Science of Ayurveda has spread globally, and many nations now seek to explore this science. In 1978 the ‘Alma-Ata-Declaration’ by the WHO stated their evaluation and promotion of traditional medicine1. Which, after many policies and committees, eventually led to the birth and mainstreaming of the AYUSH Ministry in 2003. Today the globalization process of the Ayurveda system of medicine has reached many nations, due to the efforts of the AYUSH Ministry, especially in the Covid-19 pandemic situation the role of Ayurveda and AYUSH Ministry guidelines to boost immunity and the preventative aspect globally is something worth mentioning. In this article, an overview will be given as to what is being done globally, with a special focus on the status of Ayurveda in Trinidad and Tobago and Iran (Persia). Keywords: AYUSH, Ayurveda, Globalization, MoU, WHO.

Janu Dhara is an Ayurvedic procedure where lukewarm medicated oil is poured over the knee joint for a certain period with the help of a Dhara Patra. The word Janu refers to knee and Dhara means to pour, mainly medicated oil. It is a very unique procedure mentioned as ‘Snehayukta Swedana’ due to the fact that it comprises both Snehana (therapeutic oleation) and Swedana (sudation therapy). The Taila (oil) used for this procedure does the Snehana and due to the Agni Samyoga in this procedure it has the resulting Swedana effect. Janu Dhara is advised in painful conditions caused mainly by Vata Dosha, usually for degenerative diseases, stiffness associated with bone, joint and or musculoskeletal pains, it relieves swelling and inflammation in the knee joint. At the end of the procedure perspiration is noticed and an increased range of motion can be observed. Previous clinical studies also suggest the efficacy of Janu Dhara in knee joint pain. Janu Dhara helps to tone muscles, provides lubrication and improves the working mobility of the joint. Keywords: Ayurveda, Janu Dhara, Knee Joint, Panchakarma

Ayurvedic science deals with treating the diseases and maintaining the health of the healthy. Panchakarma therapies are usually employed to eradicate the vitiated Doshas and aid in maintaining the equilibrium of these Doshas, which is the fundamental basis of health. Any one of the five Panchakarma therapies can be utilized, either singly or in combination to prevent or cure a disease. One such therapy is Basti Karma (Medicated Enema), which is an important treatment modality and it is thought to be Ardhachikitsa (50% of all the treatments required) by some Acharyas of Ayurveda.  Classically, Basti is advocated to be administered in diseases of Vata Dosha predominance. Although Basti is administered in the Pakvashaya (rectum and Colon) its active ingredients spreads throughout the entire body, giving the desired outcome. Its action is multidimensional, though some consider it as a simple enema procedure. The therapeutic effect of Basti Karma can only be inferred through the efficacy of the procedure. In this article, an attempt is made to explain Basti Karma and its utility.

Swedana Karma is undertaken by inducing sweating from the application of heat. There are many methods used to achieve this, with Upanaha Swedana being one of them. Upanaha Swedana is a standard treatment modality used in Ayurveda for the management of pain and inflammation. It is a localized treatment wherein a combination of medicinal drugs are prepared, made into a poultice, heated and applied at the affected site. This is meant to reduce the local inflammation and act as a topical analgesic. The procedure is divided into three phases which are: Purva Karma (pre-therapy procedures), the preparation of the Upanaha Swedana material is done, Pradhana Karma (main therapeutic procedures) the prepared Upanaha Swedana material is applied to the patient and Paschat Karma (post-therapy procedures) after waiting the specified times, the Upahana Swedana is removed following proper procedures. The present conceptual study was done based on the need of the day to elaborate the process of conducting Upanaha Swedana. For this, various Ayurvedic texts, digital libraries referencing Samhita were searched and the following headings were selected, types of data, types of reports and functionalities. This article seeks to explore this treatment modality and outline the general approach to be followed while conducting the procedure of Upanaha Swedana.