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The aim of this work is to optimize EPD variables (voltage, time, and focus) using alternating current through the Taguchi Design of Experiment (DOE). Coating Nano hydroxyapatite (Nano-HA) on a Ti6Al4V substrate depends on thickness and roughness, then characterization of a coating layer to determine the optimum state. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder was deposited on a Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrate by electro-deposition with ethanol as a solvent under AC current, to improve the alloy surface quality based on coating thickness and maximum coating mass meeting the requirements of a biological orthopedics application. Ethanol was used as a solvent to precipitate ketazone and HAp on the base alloy. Taguchi's approach was used in order to determine the optimal conditions for EPD and subsequently to apply various criteria for depositing the biochemical coating. The surface and cross-section composition of the paint is described by characterization. Numerous tests and inspections; Zeta, XRD and SEM stability test, water contact angle and optical microscopes were used to describe the surface morphology of the HAp layer. The value of the optimum conditions for deposition of the HAp layer which is a simultaneous thickness and maximum coating mass, was predicted at a sedimentation voltage of 40 V, 2 min sedimentation time and 1 g / L for the concentration of the suspended solution at room temperature. The validity of the model resulting from the response surface methodology was assessed by comparing the expected results with the experimental results. In addition, close agreement was observed between the experimental results and the expected results. For the solution at room temperature, the results obtained with the highest value of the coating thickness of 41at the surface roughness of 0.94 and the contact angle of the alloy before coating is 67.489º reduced to. 38.132º after plating, which indicates an increase in the harmony of the metal implant and biocompatibility.

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Bone implant materials which are composed of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy are usually utilized as a result of its bio-compatibility and corrosion resistance. This alloy isn’t bio-active, and that results in making it easy to release the cation Al and V when implanted into the human body. Therefore, this study aims to focus on the effect of different current direct current (DC)and alternating current (AC) on the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) variables (voltage, time and concentration) of the Hydroxyapatite (HA) powder upon the Ti6Al4V alloy substrate. EPD process was depended on the coating thickness and surface roughness, and then characterizations of the coating layer were performed. The suspensions zeta potential was measured to recognize charge upon the particles and their stability. The coating thickness was measured at different EPD variables. The cross-section of coating thickness and the morphology of surface were investigated employing optical and SEM microscopes. The density of coating porosity was computed from the micrograph images. Results manifested that the samples having the same thickness possess a higher grain density if coated utilizing (AC) EPD in comparison to (DC) electrophoretic deposition. The contact angles values of coatings have been changed from hydrophobic in the case uncoated Ti6Al4V 67.489°C to the hydrophilic by using (DC) current 35.914°C and 38.13 ° C by using(AC).

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