Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic agent known to cause cardiotoxicity that is thought to be associated with oxidative stress. The aim of the current study is to investigate the role of grape polyphenols’ antioxidant property as cardioprotective against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Adult Wistar rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were divided into 3 different groups: a doxorubicin group that received a single intraperitoneal administration of doxorubicin (8.0 mg/kg body weight), an experimental group that received doxorubicin and grape polyphenol concentrate (25 mg/kg) via intragastric route, and the third group was a negative control group that received water only. On day 8, blood samples and tissues were harvested for analyses. The results indicated that grape polyphenol concentrate was able to reduce the signs of cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin through the reduction of aspartate aminotransferase activation, increasing the plasma antioxidant levels and decreasing the level of free radicals. The results also showed that grape polyphenol concentrate was able to reverse doxorubicin-induced microscopic myocardial damage. The myocardial protective effect of grape polyphenol might likely be due to the increase in the level and activity of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. In conclusion, grape polyphenol concentrate displayed cardioprotective effect and was able to reverse doxorubicin-induced-cardiomyopathy in experimental rats.

Background Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition that predominantly affects the skin and is associated with extracutaneous disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease and arthritis. Changes in gut immunology and microbiota are important drivers of proinflammatory disorders and could play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Therefore, we explored whether psoriasis in a Central Asian cohort is associated with alterations in select immunological markers and/or microbiota of the gut. Methods We undertook a case-control study of stool samples collected from outpatients, aged 30–45 years, of a dermatology clinic in Kazakhstan presenting with plaque, guttate, or palmoplantar psoriasis ( n = 20), and age-sex matched subjects without psoriasis ( n = 20). Stool supernatant was subjected to multiplex ELISA to assess the concentration of 47 cytokines and immunoglobulins and to 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize microbial diversity in both psoriasis participants and controls. Results The psoriasis group tended to have higher concentrations of most analytes in stool (29/47 = 61.7%) and gut IL-1α was significantly elevated (4.19-fold, p = 0.007) compared to controls. Levels of gut IL-1α in the psoriasis participants remained significantly unaltered up to 3 months after the first sampling ( p = 0.430). Psoriasis was associated with alterations in gut Firmicutes , including elevated Faecalibacterium and decreased Oscillibacter and Roseburia abundance, but no association was observed between gut microbial diversity or Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios and disease status. Conclusions Psoriasis may be associated with gut inflammation and dysbiosis. Studies are warranted to explore the use of gut microbiome-focused therapies in the management of psoriasis in this under-studied population.

Background: Food has a significant effect on the health of the body, the relationship between diet and health actualizes the importance of expanding the research of functional products. Kazakhstan has a huge potential for functional products, such as saumal, or mare's milk. Since ancient times saumal has been used as an antidote, since it has the ability to excrete toxins. Today it is used for pulmonary tuberculosis, anemia, rickets, diabetes mellitus, obesity, nerve diseases, inflammatory diseases of the stomach and intestines. Saumal is called a longevity drink.

Abstract. Kozhakhmetov S, Babenko D, Nurgaziyev M, Tuyakova A, Nurgozhina A, Muhanbetganov N, Chulenbayeva L, Sergazy S, Gulyayev A, Saliev T, Kushugulova A. 2020. The combination of mare's milk and grape polyphenol extract for treatment of dysbiosis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Biodiversitas 21: 2275-2280. This study showed the potential of a biological product based on mare's milk and a complex of grape polyphenols to modulate intestinal microflora after dextran sulfate sodium  (DSS)-induced dysbiosis. Rat ulcerative colitis has been developed using intra-gastric administration of 10% DSS solution. To track changes in the structure of the microbiome at all stages of the study, the next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene section and LotuS conveyor were used. The results of sequencing demonstrated a decrease in biological diversity of microbiota after the induction of colitis, and recovery after 7 days of use of the  (MMGPE). The product induced the structural changes of the microbiome damaged by DSS. Representatives of SCFA producing bacteria increased concentrations of  Prevotella, Alloprevotella, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae, and Blautia.

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