Nutraceuticals is a broad term derived from nutrition and pharmaceutical. Nutraceuticals are used as a part of food for preventing and treating many acute and chronic diseases. Nutraceuticals are divided into three main categories including herbs, nutrients and dietary supplements. The food products which are used as nutraceuticals are dietary fibers, prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, spices and some other types of types of herbs and natural foods. Probiotics are ingested for their positive advantages in the digestive tract or systemic area like in the liver, brain, vagina or blood stream. Antioxidants are essential for treatment of almost all diseases because most chronic diseases occur due to oxidative stress. Flavonoids and phytochemicals have antioxidant properties due to which it act as therapeutic agents for various diseases such as anti-cancerous.Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are used for lowering the high levels of cholesterol in cardiovascular diseases and many inflammatory diseases.

This study examines the extent to which introversion moderates the relationship between perceived supervisor support and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Based on a sample of 586 employees working in Pakistan’s education sector, we find that introverts have a positive moderating effect on the indirect relationship between perceived supervisor support, work engagement and OCB. This suggests that supervisor support fosters work engagement and, in turn, OCB.

By taking a sample of 150 non-financial firms listed on PSX, this study has empirically examined the impact of ownership structure on firm performance while considering multiple dimensions. This study employed the system GMM econometric technique to examine the association between ownership structure and firm performance. According to the computed results of the study, family ownership puts a positive and highly significant impact on the market performance of the firm. It has also found a strong and significant relationship between family control and the market value of a firm. Similarly, group affiliation and market performance of the firm have a strong and significant association but in a negative direction. Institutional ownership is significantly related to the accounting and market performance of the firm. Moreover, the joint impact of institutional and family ownership is positively and significantly related to the accounting performance of the firm. Finally, institutional activism is positively and significantly related to the accounting performance of the firm.

The current study investigates different methods to minimize the drag coefficient (CD) without ignoring the safety factor related to the stability of a vehicle, i.e., the lift coefficient (CL). The study was carried out by employing an SUV car analyzed numerically using one of the CFD software, Ansys. Four different models such as realizable k–ε, standard k–ω, shear stress transport k–ω, and Reynolds stress model (RSM). The considered models have been validated with experimental data and found in good agreement. The considered inlet velocity varies from 28 to 40 m/s, the results showed that the drag coefficient and the stability are both improved by applying a modification on the roof of the considered car.

The impact of residual drug crystals that are formed during the production and storage of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) has been studied using micron-sized seed crystals in solvent-shift (desupersaturation) and dissolution tests. This study examines the impacts of the seed size loading on the solution-mediated precipitation from griseofulvin ASDs. Nanoparticle crystals (nanoseeds) were used as a more realistic surrogate for residual crystals compared with conventional micron-sized seeds. ASDs of griseofulvin with Soluplus (Sol), Kollidon VA64 (VA64), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) were prepared by spray-drying. Nanoseeds produced by wet media milling were used in the dissolution and desupersaturation experiments. DLS, SEM, XRPD, and DSC were used for characterization. The results from the solvent-shift tests suggest that the drug nanoseeds led to a faster and higher extent of desupersaturation than the as-received micron-sized crystals and that the higher seed loading facilitated desupersaturation. Sol was the only effective nucleation inhibitor; the overall precipitation inhibition capability was ranked: Sol > HPMC > VA64. In the dissolution tests, only the Sol-based ASDs generated significant supersaturation, which decreased upon an increase in the nanoseed loading. This study has demonstrated the importance of using drug nanocrystals in lieu of conventional coarse crystals in desupersaturation and dissolution tests in ASD development.