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<span>This work introduces a power management scheme based on the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) to manage the power flows in a small and local distributed generation system. The stand-alone microgrid (MG) includes wind and PV generators as main power sources. The backup system includes a battery storage system (BSS) and a diesel generator (DG) combined with a supercapacitor (SC). The different energy sources are interconnected through the DC bus. The MG is modeled using MATLAB/Simulink Sim_Power System™. The SC is used to compensate for the shortage of power during the start-up of the DG and to compensate for the limits on the charging/discharging current of the BSS. The power balance of the system is the chief objective of the proposed management scheme. Some performance indexes are evaluated: the frequency-deviation, the stability of the DC bus voltage, and the AC voltage total harmonic distortion. The performance of the planned scheme is assessed by two 24-hours simulation sets. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of FLC-based management. Moreover, the effectiveness of the FLC approach is compared with the deterministic approach. FLC approach has saved 18.7% from the daily load over the deterministic approach. The study shows that the quality of the power signal in the case of FLC is better than the deterministic approach.</span>

In this research, a standalone microgrid power system is proposed to electrify a small agricultural community in Palestinian territories. The load includes residential load and water pumping load. The community comprises about 30 households with some service buildings in addition to the water pumping system. The average load energy demand is 300kWh/day and the average power demand is 12.5kW, in the same context, the average energy demand for water pumping is 49kWh/day. The region has abundant solar radiation potential with a daily average of 5.4 kWh/m². The optimum design was achieved using the HOMER Pro software. It took into consideration real incident solar radiation data, electrical demand profile for the community and water pumping system and market cost of all equipment. The optimization results showed that the best hybrid system among all feasible configurations is a PV system with an energy storage system combined with a diesel generator. The net present cost of the system is USD636,150 and the cost of energy (COE) produced is USD0.438/kWh. Sensitivity analysis is considered to study the impact of variations in PV cost, diesel fuel price, and maximum annual capacity shortages (MACS), the results showed that MACS has no effects. Energy management procedure is followed to reduce the excess electricity from 10.6% to 6.24% which in turn reduces the COE from 0.438 to USD 0.416/kWh.