This study aimed to determine the oil ratios and fatty acid compositions of sunflowers grown in the warm climate of the Çukurova region at different sowing dates. Ot was found that the crude fat ratios of standard, mid-oleic and high-oleic sunflower types were 42.57%, 39.35% and 39.07%, respectively. Crude oil ratios of high-oleic and mid-oleic sunflower types were significantly decreased (p<0.05) at SD4 (sowing date 4, May 30th). The oleic acid contents in standard, mid-oleic and high-oleic sunflower types were found to be 60.08%, 74.35% and 88.1%, respectively. The oleic acid ratios of standard sunflower types were determined to be significantly lower at SD1 (April 15th) (p<0.05). The results show that it is more appropriate to sow the sunflowers between SD1 and SD2 (15 April to 30 April) in terms of producing the required oil and oleic acid contents. Also, both oil ratios and fatty acid compositions can change according to the sowing dates.

Drought is one of the most damaging abiotic stress factors commonly experienced by plants, resulting in a significant loss of crop yield worldwide. The aim of the study was to assess drought tolerance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) hybrids and find out potentially underlying photobiological traits. Experiment was conducted in the agricultural field of Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute in Adana. To evaluate the drought tolerance of twenty-six sunflower hybrids polyphasic chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were performed at the three growth stages named as vegetative, head formation and milky seed (stress 1, S1; stress 2, S2; stress 3, S3, respectively). The hybrids were classified from drought tolerant to drought sensitive based on their drought factor index (DFI) values calculated from photosynthetic performance index. 9444 A X 9947 R and 9444 A X 8129 R were determined as the most tolerant hybrids, whereas 2453 A X 8129 R and 7751 A X TT 135 R were determined as the most sensitive hybrids. Severe drought stress (S2) inhibited severely both the donor and the acceptor sides of photosystem II in sensitive hybrids. Photosynthetic structures of drought-tolerant hybrids were less damaged by drought stress, consequently these hybrids could maintain their photosynthetic performances (minor changes in φ Po , ψ o , δ Ro , specific and/or phenomenological energy fluxes) approximately control levels under severe drought condition. As a result, results, 9444 A X 9947 R and 9444 A X 8129 R hybrids could be recommended to be used in the breeding programs and further studies as genetic material and to be grown in drought-prone areas.

This study was carried out to determine the nutritional value of some selected peanut varieties and line in the Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute of Adana, Turkey. The peanut varieties used were Gazipasa, Sultan, NC7, Cihangir, and Halisbey; while the peanut line was DA335/2011. The chemical composition, metabolizable energy (ME), net energy lactation (NEL) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of the selected peanut varieties and line were determined through Hohenheim in vitro gas production technique. Incubation times for Hohenheim gas production technique were 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The analysis of variance (General Linear Model) was carried out using the SPSS package program. The differences among groups in terms of nutrient contents were found to be significant (P<ou=0.05), except for dry matter (DM) and hemicellulose (HC). The highest crude protein (CP) (40.13%) was found in Sultan variety, while the crude oil (CO) content was found to be between 21.32 and 31.01%. The ADF, NDF, and ADL content of the peanut varieties and line were within the ranges of 2.32-7.91%, 4.85-9.88%, and 0.43-2.62%, respectively. Conversely, the Sultan variety had the highest crude cellulose (CC) value, Cihangir variety was determined to contain the highest hemicellulose (HC) value. The differences in 24 hour gas and methane production among different peanut varieties and line were found to be not-significant. (P > 0.05).

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the most important oil crops in the world and mostly produces oil. Due to the global warming and unexpected climatic changes especially extreme heat and droughts in recent years, as a spring crop sunflower affects severely by these climatic conditions in the vegetation period and loses seed yield hardly. Plant breeding longer process taking at least ten years to develop cultivars. Therefore, sunflower breeders should consider future climatic conditions, hence it seems that drought tolerance should consider primarily in their breeding programs. Oil content is the most important trait in sunflower than the major goal

Öz Bu çalışmada, 2017 yılında Adana koşullarında yetiştirilen yer fıstığı üretiminin enerji bilançosu ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada kullanılan alet-makinelerin ekonomik ömürleri, iş başarısı, yakıt-yağ tüketimleri, makine ağırlıkları ile gübre, tohum miktarları gibi temel veriler, mevcuttaki yapılan ölçümlerden, yapılan diğer çalışmalardan, çeşitli kaynak ve kataloglardan temin edilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda yer fıstığı üretiminde enerji çıktı/girdi oranı 1.94, özgül enerji değeri 12.90 MJ kg-1 , enerji üretkenliği 0.08 kgMJ-1 , net enerji verimi 52734.28 MJ ha-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yer fıstığı üretiminde toplam enerji girdileri içerisinde kullanım oranı en yüksek olan % 48.69 ile sulama enerjisi olduğu bulunmuştur. Bunu sırasıyla % 22.31 ile yakıt-yağ enerjisi, % 14.90 ile gübre enerjisi, %5.78 ile tohum enerjisi, % 5.58 ile ilaç enerjisi, % 2.59 ile makine enerjisi ve % 0.16 ile insan enerjisi takip etmiştir.