No abstract

ObjectivesMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) has originated, spread extensively, and become a prominent source of bacterial infections in both human and animal.MethodsWe report the prevalence, genetic diversity, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from dogs and cats with eye discharges.ResultsA total of 12 (6.0%) coagulase-positives staphylococci were identified as (6/200, 3%) S. aureus and (6/200, 3%) S. pseudintermedius. The phenotypic methicillin resistance of S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius were 50.0% (3/6) and 16.7% (1/6), respectively. None of the isolates showed biofilm formation in the microtiter plate assay. The highest resistance (50.0%) for S. pseudintermedius strains was detected against clindamycin and tetracycline. 67.0% of S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin-G. The PCR analysis conducted for detection of mecA gene indicated that only one S. aureus isolated from a cat was mecA gene positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) showed that all strains were typable and generated PCR products ranging from 800 bp to 4,400 bp. The lineages ST241 and the novel ST2361 in multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) analysis were detected in one methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius and methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius of dogs, respectively. In addition, the lineages ST4155 and ST7217 of two methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains of cats were connected epidemiologically to previously reported cases.ConclusionsThese results indicate epidemiologically related strains (ST241, ST4155, and ST7217) transferring between animals and humans. Therefore, the strategies to combat the widespread MRS should be based on collaboration between human and veterinary medicine under the One Health concept.

This paper reports a presumptive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a cat. A cat with respiratory disease living with three individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 showed bilateral ground-glass opacities in the lung on X-ray and computed tomography. The clinical swabs were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, but the serum was positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Interstitial pneumonia and prominent type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia were noted on histopathology. Respiratory tissues were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen, but the cat was positive for feline parvovirus DNA. In conclusion, the respiratory disease and associated pathology in this cat could have been due to exposure to SARS-CoV-2.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of propolis ethanol extract (EEP), a natural beekeeping product, on performance, fecal structure and general health status of calves during the preweaning phase. For this purpose, 24 newborn Simmental calves in a private farm were used as animal material.Calves given colostrum for the rst 3 days after birth were divided into two similar groups according to their birth weight and gender. Differently from the control group, the calves in the experimental group (propolis) were given orally 4 ml/day propolis extract (30%; EEP). Weekly nasal discharge, cough, eye, ear and general health scoring, rectal body temperature and fecal pH measurement, daily fecal scoring and diarrhea day follow-up were performed for each calf in the study, which lasted up to 60 days of age.Feces samples taken from all calves at the beginning and at the end of the study were evaluated for Lactobacillus spp. and Bi dobacter spp. At the end of the study; statistical differences were found between the groups in favor of the propolis group in terms of body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), body weight (BW), withers height (WH), rump height (RH) and chest depth (CD) (P < 0.05). At the end of the study, propolis extract positively affected the number of days with diarrhea and feces scores (P < 0.05); no statistically signi cant difference was found in terms of health scores and feces culture (P > 0.05). In addition, it was observed that the number of calves that needed to be monitored in terms of health status was less in the experimental group.