This research study is mainly targeted on fabrication and characterization of antibacterial poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) based fibrous membrane containing silver chloride particles. Micro/nano fibres were produced by electrospinning and characterized with TGA, DSC, SEM and mechanical analysis. It was found that addition of silver particles slightly reduced onset of thermal degradation and increased crystallization temperature of neat PCL. Silver-loaded samples exhibited higher tensile stress and lower strain revealing that the particles behaved as reinforcing agent. Moreover, addition of silver chloride resulted in beaded surface texture and formation of finer fibres as opposed to the neat. Antibacterial properties were tested against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and remarkable biocidal functionalities were obtained with about six logs reduction of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7.

Objective: The purpose of this study to determine the risks associated with breast cancer in women who live in a neighborhood in Istanbul, and to evaluate the effectiveness of breast self -examination (BSE) training. Materials and Methods:This study was designed by using a half-experimental model, with women over the age of 18 who visited the community health center in a district of Istanbul, during March / April 2012. Sample selection was not implemented, and 169 women who voluntarily participated in the study were included. Data was collected by face-to-face interview technique with "Demographic Survey Form", "Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form" and "BSE Training Assessment Scale". After risk assessment, women who wanted to learn BSE (n=109) were given a practical training program lasting approximately 20 minutes that was prepared together with expert consults.Results: 32.1% of the participants regularly performed BSE. Out of those who do not use regular self-examination, 15.4% thought BSE was unnecessary, 44% was afraid to examine herself, and 40.7% did not know how to apply BSE. The mean breast cancer risk score was 135.64±61.33. There were statistically significant differences between breast cancer risk score and the educational status, marital status, and menstrual status. A statistically significant difference was found in pre-and post-training BSE Training Assessment Scale scores. Conclusion:The breast cancer risk score was low among women included in this study. However, the vast majority of women did not perform BSE, and those who did were using either irregular or improper practice. It was detected that implementation of planned and in-person training programs were quite effective.

OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study is to investigate the validity and the reliability of Birth Satisfaction Scale (BSS) and to adapt it into the Turkish language. This scale is used for measuring maternal satisfaction with birth in order to evaluate women’s birth perceptions.METHODS:In this study there were 150 women who attended to inpatient postpartum clinic. The participants filled in an information form and the BSS questionnaire forms. The properties of the scale were tested by conducting reliability and validation analyses.RESULTS:BSS entails 30 Likert-type questions. It was developed by Hollins Martin and Fleming. Total scale scores ranged between 30–150 points. Higher scores from the scale mean increases in birth satisfaction. Three overarching themes were identified in Scale: service provision (home assessment, birth environment, support, relationships with health care professionals); personal attributes (ability to cope during labour, feeling in control, childbirth preparation, relationship with baby); and stress experienced during labour (distress, obstetric injuries, receiving sufficient medical care, obstetric intervention, pain, prolonged labour and baby’s health). Cronbach’s alfa coefficient was 0.62.CONCLUSION:According to the present study, BSS entails 30 Likert-type questions and evaluates women’s birth perceptions. The Turkish version of BSS has been proven to be a valid and a reliable scale.

Evde bakım hemşireliği, birey ve ailesinin sağlık durumunu etkileyen psikososyal, çevresel, ekonomik ve kültürel faktörleri bir bütün olarak değerlendiren bir hemşirelik disiplinidir. Evde bakım hemşireliği bireyin öz bakım becerilerini geliştirmeyi ve bağımsızlığa hazırlamayı amaçlar. Evde bakım hemşirelerinin hem halk sağlığı hem de ileri düzey klinik yetkinliklere sahip olması gerekir. Ancak ülkemizde evde bakım hemşirelerinin sahip olması gereken yetkinlikler ve eğitim standartları konusu net değildir. Bu makalenin amacı ülkemizde evde bakımda çalışacak hemşirelerinin sahip olması gereken yetkinliklere ve eğitim düzeyine açıklık getirmektir.

Fusarium culmorum is one of the causal agents lead to economic loses in small grain cereals. In this study, alterations in spore production, and linear growth rates in F. culmorum 15 isolate subjected to increased concentrations of eugenol (0, 200, 400, 800 μg mL-1) were examined. Additionally, the and expression of FcMgv1 and FcStuA genes which are essential in asexual stage and cell wall structure formation were also examined tested in F. culmorum eugenol treated and non-treated fungal cultures. F15 isolate subjected to increased concentrations of eugenol (0, 200, 400, 800 μg mL-1). Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined as 400 μg mL-1 eugenol. In comparison of control and experiment sets, there were significantly different (p<0.01) the decrease in spore production and linear growth rate (LGR) were significantly different (p<0.01). In real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis, β-tubulin was used as endogenous control and the expression of FcMgv1 and FcStuA genes were determined by using cDNAs converted from total RNAs of control and experiment sets were used in Eva-Green fluorophore dyebased real time PCR to examine the FcMgv1 and FcStuA expression. Significant differences (p<0.05) were also determined in fold changes in gene expression. Normalization results showed that fold changes in FcMgv1 and FcStuA genes were as +4.35±0.25 and +2.04±0.13, respectively. qPCR results were also confirmed via reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analysis. The late apoptosis was detected in the cells by using acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Findings obtained from this study showed that eugenol have the potential antifungal effects and it could be used in struggling with head blight disease caused by F. culmorum via its in vitro antifungal effects. This study presents the original data on about is first report to evaluatinge the phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of pure eugenol compound on F. culmorum.