BackgroundCanine rabies is one of the most important and feared zoonotic diseases in the world. In some regions rabies elimination is being successfully coordinated, whereas in others rabies is endemic and continues to spread to uninfected areas. As epidemics emerge, both accepted and contentious control methods are used, as questions remain over the most effective strategy to eliminate rabies. The Indonesian island of Bali was rabies-free until 2008 when an epidemic in domestic dogs began, resulting in the deaths of over 100 people. Here we analyze data from the epidemic and compare the effectiveness of control methods at eliminating rabies.Methodology/Principal FindingsUsing data from Bali, we estimated the basic reproductive number, R 0, of rabies in dogs, to be ∼1·2, almost identical to that obtained in ten–fold less dense dog populations and suggesting rabies will not be effectively controlled by reducing dog density. We then developed a model to compare options for mass dog vaccination. Comprehensive high coverage was the single most important factor for achieving elimination, with omission of even small areas (<0.5% of the dog population) jeopardizing success. Parameterizing the model with data from the 2010 and 2011 vaccination campaigns, we show that a comprehensive high coverage campaign in 2012 would likely result in elimination, saving ∼550 human lives and ∼$15 million in prophylaxis costs over the next ten years.Conclusions/SignificanceThe elimination of rabies from Bali will not be achieved through achievable reductions in dog density. To ensure elimination, concerted high coverage, repeated, mass dog vaccination campaigns are necessary and the cooperation of all regions of the island is critical. Momentum is building towards development of a strategy for the global elimination of canine rabies, and this study offers valuable new insights about the dynamics and control of this disease, with immediate practical relevance.

Rabies is zoonotic disease that can be fatal to the infected host. Indonesia has reported cases in Bali in 2008, since when the government has been taking action to eliminate the disease with a strategy of vaccination of dogs as its main focus.This research aims to describe rabies cases in dogs and humans and to measure the and the ratio of humans to dogs were not associated with the occurrence of rabies cases in human. In conclusion, the rabies elimination program in Bali has not been successful in eliminating the prevalence of the disease. Vaccine data, which may be causally relevant, were not analyzed. Therefore, it is suggested that the efficacy of the vaccine used be assessed.

e136 13th International Congress on Infectious Diseases Abstracts, Poster Presentations access and better understand what might motivate gachis to invest in prevention are needed to plan future interventions.

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Aims: Rotavirus (RV) is the most important etiological agent of diarrhea in children with high morbidity and mortality, mainly in developing countries. A big number of children from one to five year old have been infected by RV, with at least one type of virus. Data show that human body can be infected repeatedly by different strains of RV. It is predicted that there exist 16 types of G genotypes of RV. This study was aimed to identify the G genotypes of RV in children with diarrhea in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. Methodology and results: This research is a cross-sectional study involving children aged zero to sixty months from January to July 2015. The stool samples were collected from diarrhea patients and the identification of RV was done by using the rapid test. The RNA isolation was performed on positive isolates. The identification of the G genotypes was performed by using a semi nested reverse transcription PCR method. The study involved 71 children with diarrhea. VP7based RV detection showed 47 positive samples (66.1%). The predominant G type of the positive results are G1, G9 and G3 namely 36.2%, 25.5% and 12.8%. The average age of the subjects was 15.3±2.3 months. The majority of the subject were females (53.6%). Most of the diarrhea feces presented in this study were neither haemorrhagic nor liquefied. The subjects in this study are also presented with co-symptoms such as fever (100.0%), gastrointestinal disorder (94.6%) and dypsnea (16.1%). Conclusion, significance and impact study: Based on this study, we conclude that the predominant G types is G1. This study was performed to identify the predominant G genotype of RV and designed the antigen-antibody based in diagnose RV.