Background:Static nature of performance reporting systems in health care sector has resulted in inconsistent, incomparable, time consuming, and static performance reports that are not able to transparently reflect a round picture of performance and effectively support healthcare managers’ decision makings. So, the healthcare sector needs interactive performance management tools such as performance dashboards to measure, monitor, and manage performance more effectively. The aim of this article was to identify key issues that need to be addressed for developing high-quality performance dashboards in healthcare sector.Methods:A literature review was established to search electronic research databases, e-journals collections, and printed journals, books, dissertations, and theses for relevant articles. The search strategy interchangeably used the terms of “dashboard”, “performance measurement system”, and “executive information system” with the term of “design” combined with operator “AND”. Search results (n=250) were adjusted for duplications, screened based on their abstract relevancy and full-text availability (n=147) and then assessed for eligibility (n=40). Eligible articles were included if they had explicitly focused on dashboards, performance measurement systems or executive information systems design. Finally, 28 relevant articles included in the study.Results:Creating high-quality performance dashboards requires addressing both performance measurement and executive information systems design issues. Covering these two fields, identified contents were categorized to four main domains: KPIs development, Data Sources and data generation, Integration of dashboards to source systems, and Information presentation issues.Conclusion:This study implies the main steps to develop dashboards for the purpose of performance management. Performance dashboards developed on performance measurement and executive information systems principles and supported by proper back-end infrastructure will result in creation of dynamic reports that help healthcare managers to consistently measure the performance, continuously detect outliers, deeply analyze causes of poor performance, and effectively plan for the future.

Telemedicine projects are aimed at offering medical services to people who do not have access to direct diagnosis and treatment services. As a powerful tool for analyzing the performance of complex systems and taking probable events into consideration, systemic simulation can facilitate the analysis of implementation processes of telemedicine projects in real-life-like situations. The aim of the present study was to propose a model for planning resource capacities and allocating human and operational resources to promote the efficiency of telemedicine project by investigating the process of teleradiology. In this article, after verification of the conceptual model by the experts of this field, the computerized simulation model is developed using simulation software Arena. After specifying the required data, different improvement scenarios are run using the computerized model by feeding the data into the software and validation and verification of the model. Fixing input data of the system such as the number of patients, their waiting time, and process time of each function, for example, magnetic resonance imaging or scan, has been compared with the current radiology process. Implementing the teleradiology model resulted in reduction of time of patients in the system (current: 1.84 ± 0.00, tele: 0.81 ± 0.00). Furthermore, through this process, they can allocate the lower resources to perform better functions of staff. The use of computerized simulation is essential for designing processes, optimal allocation of resources, planning, and making appropriate decisions for providing timely services to patients.

OBJECTIVE:Cancer is one of the most preventable and common chronic diseases that have economic, social and psychological burden for patients, families, and the society. Cancer can be monitored by new information technology. Digital games as a uniquely powerful interaction tool support optimal care management program operation in all dimensions. The aim of this review article is to describe opportunities and challenges of this new modern technology on the delivery of cancer care services in cancer management domains for cancer care improvement.METHODS:This study was un-systematic (narrative) review article. In this research, 50 full-text papers and reports had been retrieved, studied exactly, and arranged based on study aims. We searched papers based on specific and relevant keywords in research databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google scholar.CONCLUSION:In cancer management domain, digital games are as an effective medium for health education and intervention, disease self-management training, attention distraction to relieve pain, enhance clinical outcomes, improvements in lifestyles, and physical and psychosocial activity promotion when active participation and behavior rehearsal are required for cancer patient. In spite of potential benefits of new technology, sometimes people confront various challenges such as social isolation, unusual anxiety, and disorder in physiological times of body, low physical activities, decrease academic performance, increase aggressive behavior, and physical pain. These problems can be partly overcome by proper planning, good design, and usage of suitable and continuous monitoring.

Background: Today, in healthcare field that is changing rapidly, decision-makers encounter with ever-increasing inquiries on clinical and administrative information to realize customers' legal and clinical requirements. Therefore, making decisions on healthcare has changed into a vital, complex and unstructured issue. The present paper mainly focuses on describing decisionmaking advantages, possible risk to improve efficiency of decision-making on healthcare, and especially medical procedures. Methods: The present research is a review study, which has been carried out by searching through the authentic scientific sources, including Pubmed, Google scholar, Iranmedex, and other information sources. While defining care intelligence, here, we introduce Knowledge Discovery Database, the Clinical Support Systems, and Intelligence Risk Detection Model and provide the conceptual model. Other issues studied in this paper include the Risk Possibility Assessment Technique, Risk Possibility Detection using knowledge management techniques, and expert systems. Results & Conclusion: Modeling the Intelligence Support System is necessary for designing Real-Time Risk Detection Information Systems in clinical measures. As taking medical procedures involves complex decision-makings and possibility of high risk, operational application of the techniques derived from knowledge and data mining models under study will play a crucial role in increasing possibility of success of the measure and promoting safety of patients.

Dynamic reporting tools, such as dashboards, should be developed to measure emergency department (ED) performance. However, choosing an effective balanced set of performance measures and key performance indicators (KPIs) is a main challenge to accomplish this. The aim of this study was to develop a balanced set of KPIs for use in ED strategic dashboards following an analytic hierarchical process. The study was carried out in 2 phases: constructing ED performance measures based on balanced scorecard perspectives and incorporating them into analytic hierarchical process framework to select the final KPIs. The respondents placed most importance on ED internal processes perspective especially on measures related to timeliness and accessibility of care in ED. Some measures from financial, customer, and learning and growth perspectives were also selected as other top KPIs. Measures of care effectiveness and care safety were placed as the next priorities too. The respondents placed least importance on disease-/condition-specific "time to" measures. The methodology can be presented as a reference model for development of KPIs in various performance related areas based on a consistent and fair approach. Dashboards that are designed based on such a balanced set of KPIs will help to establish comprehensive performance measurements and fair benchmarks and comparisons.