No abstract

In fact, the views of world communities have shifted from a focus on reducing vulnerability to increasing resilience in the event of a crisis. The present study used GIS-based DANP model to investigate the resilience of Tehran districts to hazards. First, the influencing criteria on resilience were selected in four dimensions using Delphi method. Then, a DEMATEL model followed by an ANP were applied to define the internal relationship between the criteria. Next, the GIS overlay was performed to give visual outputs. DEMATEL results showed that disasters and natural hazards in the environmental dimension, urban infrastructure in the physical dimension, and employment rate in the socio-economic dimension were the most important criteria which affected urban resilience. Additionally, 54.7% of the total urban area was categorized in very-low to moderate resilience classes, needing serious attention. This study provides fresh insights for urban planners to know the cause-and-effect relations between dimensions and criteria, to best deal with the resilience.

Urban resilience studies have increased during recent years due to the significance of climate change as an alarming issue in centralized and highly populated cities where urban functionalities are disintegrated. Towards this aim, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was enrolled to streamline the urban resilience to climate change over the 22 districts in Tehran after assessing the resilience objectivity. Based on the results, the city coverage was classified into best (41%), moderate (15%), low (14%), and least resilient (30%). In addition, the urban municipal districts were classified into five functional zones including Wellbeing-wealth (WWZ), Ecological Conservation (ECZ), Core (CZ), Downtown (DZ), and Neutral Zone (NZ) after evaluating the concept of urban functionality in the resilience framework. The results indicated that the socio-cultural component is considered as the fundamental necessity, along with eco-environmental and economic components in capacity building to urban climate resilience. In fact, more than half of the Tehran coverage is regarded as resilient. Thus, the rest should be prioritized, despite the need to inspire from top-ranked districts, especially D4. However, downtown and neutral zones, especially D9 and D21, which account for up to 12% of the least resilient areas, should be evaluated seriously. Finally, the robustness of the proposed methodology was compared to the studies addressing the same concept, and we offer some preparatory and adaptive measures for urban planners and policymakers.