Introduction: Despite advancements in food science and technology, foodborne disease remains one of the major public health problems. Poor sanitation and hygiene conditions of food establishments are the major causes for the occurrence of foodborne disease. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate core determinants of sanitation and hygiene status among food establishments. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Addis Ababa city. A stratified random sampling technique was deployed to select 413 study participants. Data were collected through interview and using observational checklist. Sample size was determined by using a single population proportion formula. To analyze the data, binary logistic regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. In all analysis, P-value less than .05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The study revealed that 57.4% of the food establishments were under poor sanitation status. In the multivariable analysis, presence of trained managers on hygiene and sanitation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.10 with 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.41-15.45), presence of renewed licenses (AOR = 3.07 with 95% CI: 1.18-7.99), absence of bureaucratic function to obtain permission to renew the food establishment buildings (AOR = 2.43 with 95% CI: 1.25-4.70), and presence of at least 10-m distance between toilet and kitchen (AOR = 9.19, at 95% CI: 5.63-15.02) were associated significantly with sanitation and hygiene status. Conclusions: Above average of the food establishments were found to be in poor sanitation and hygiene state. Many core determinant factors that influence sanitation and hygienic status of food establishments were identified. The researchers suggest that formal training on sanitation and hygiene for managers of food establishments should be provided to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases. Moreover, strong food and water safety policy and strategy should be promulgated to improve sanitation and hygiene status of food establishments.

Background: In Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, the urban health extension program was started in 2009. Its approach is based on the assumption that access to and quality of primary health care in urban communities can be improved through transfer of health knowledge and skills to households. The study was conducted to assess the status of urban health extension service utilization and associated factors.Methods: A community based cross–sectional study was conducted to collect data from 628 participants. Sample size was determined by using a single population proportion formula. Binary logistic regression was used for data analysis.Results: The proportion of community utilization of the urban health extension program was found to be 86%. Respondents’ odds of utilizing urban health extension services among those who participated in the planning of urban health extension program activities were 2.8 (AOR=2.8; 95% CI: 1.43-3.70) times the odds of those who did not participate. The household respondents who utilized toilet with hand washing facilities had odds of utilizing urban health extension services that are higher by 2.62 (AOR=2.62 with 95% CI: 1.70-9.77) compared to those not utilizing toilet with hand washing facilities.Conclusions: The study provided important information regarding to the status of community utilization of urban health extension services. Respondents who utilized toilet with hand washing facilities were higher among the respondents who utilized and implemented the urban health extension packages. Respondents who participated in the planning of urban health extension program activities were those who significantly utilized and implemented the urban health extension program.

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