The ’Silos’ software package was used to formulate diets for all of the animals involved in the study. Cows of the Holstein black-and-white breed were divided into three groups. They were fed grain and legume haylage conserved with the biological fermentation products ’Biosib’ and ’Silostan’. The milk samples were analysed for chemical composition and physico-chemical properties. It was found that compared to the control group the samples of milk obtained from the test groups contained more dry matter (by 0.08 % and 0.13 %), milk-solids-nonfat (by 0.04 % and 0.06 %), fat (by 0.04 % and 0.07 %), fat (by 0.01% and 0.03 %), lactose (by 0.02% and 0.03 %), energy value was larger by 0.56 kcal (0.77 %) and 0.98 kcal (1.35 %). The quality of raw meat was assessed after the control slaughter of the black-and-white bull calves aged 18 months. Before slaughter the animals were fed alfalfa haylage conserved with the biological fermentation product ’Biotrof’ at doses of 2, 4 and 6 l of the process solution per 1 ton of the grass. Compared to the control group the average meat samples obtained from the 1st-3rd test groups contained more dry matter (by 0.48-1.03 %), fat (by 0.29-0.84 %), protein (by 0.25.63 %), maturity rate was higher by 0.55-1.55 %, energy value per 1 kg of meat was higher by 155-436 kJ (2.03-5.70 %; P<0.05).

Feeding that provides animals with good health, high productivity and good product quality at the lowest feed cost is considered complete. For this goal, it is necessary to balance the diet of animals for all nutrients, because even the work of breeders does not guarantee high productivity from animals without a complete diet. The lack of energy in the diet affects all vital functions of the animal’s body, which caused the need to enrich the diet with energy-carbohydrate feed. This fact determined the relevance of our work. With the help of a computer program, it became possible in a short time to analyze the diet with the inclusion of the studied additive in three different dosages, to assess its structure, nutritional value and to carry out a zoo analysis. The ration was made up for stall and pasture keeping of young cattle of LLC “Agro-Alliance”, divided into 15 animals in a group. The main fodder was procured in the same farm. The calculation showed that in the experimental groups the ration was as close as possible to the standard values, which indicates the prospects of using the studied type of feed in feeding young animals.

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the efficiency of carbohydrate-enriched rations fed to pasture and stall-housed cows. Materials and Methods: Forty Holstein cows were divided into four groups of 10 animals each. The experiment lasted 305 days. All animals were kept under the same conditions, except for the amount of energy-carbohydrate rations fed. The control cows were on a standard diet. Experimental groups 1, 2, and 3 received a ration enriched with energy-carbohydrate components at 250, 500, and 700 g/head/day, respectively. Feed intake was measured on 2 consecutive days each month. During the balance trial, when young animals reached 13 months, feed intake was examined daily. Fodder, its residues, feces, and urine collected during the balance trial were used to determine nutrient digestibility and nitrogen exchange. Results: Nitrogen balance was positive in all experimental animals. Cows in Group 3 made better use of the digested nitrogen. A biochemical blood test showed higher total protein content in the serum of the experimental cows than in the control by 1.47-3.49% (p≤0.05-0.001) in winter and 0.24-0.98% (p≤0.01) in summer. In winter, the serum protein level increased due to changed feeding routines and shorter exercise times, but did not exceed physiological requirements. The alpha- and gamma-globulins levels increased to 0.2-0.5 g/L in winter and 0.3-0.6 g/L in summer, and 0.5-1.4 g/L in winter and 0.1-0.2 g/L in summer, respectively. Beta-globulins decreased. The supplement had a positive effect on milk output, which increased by 67.1-137.3 kg (1.93-3.95%; p≤0.05-0.001) in the first 100 lactation days, then by 198.2-458.8 kg (2.39- 5.53%; p≤0.05-0.001) for the remaining days. All animals had a high milk yield coefficient, with the experimental groups having 0.64-2.64% more milk yield than the control. The lactation curves showed that the average daily milk yield of all experimental cows increased, then gradually decreased along the physiological trajectory from the 3rd month until the end of lactation. Milk quality analysis in the experimental groups indicated an increase in the dry matter content by 0.17- 0.27% (p≤0.001) in summer and 0.16-0.27% (p≤0.001) in winter; higher protein levels by 0.04-0.06% in summer and 0.03- 0.07% (p≤0.05) in winter; increased fat by 0.09-0.14% (p≤0.05-0.001) in summer and 0.09-0.13% (p≤0.05-0.001) in winter; increased density by 0.47-0.61°A (p≤0.05) in summer and 0.17-0.27°A in winter; and increased energy by 1.70-2.63% (p≤0.001) in summer and 1.57-2.54% (p≤0.01-0.001) in winter. Conclusion: The energy-carbohydrate feed "Tanrem" can provide the required energy intake of Holstein cows. The maximum biological and economic effect wads attained at 500 g per animal.

Currently, enrichment of dairy products with products of plant origin is becoming increasingly relevant. This technique allows us to improve the composition and ensure the functionality of the products. In this regard, we explored the use of flax in soft cheeses. For this, flax was used in the form of flour and seeds. The expediency of cheese enrichment with flax seeds has been established, since during grinding, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids that imparts product functionality is reduced. At the next stage, the rationale for the use of flaxseeds was carried out, the method of processing them in the application phase, the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the finished product were determined, the technology of soft cheese with flax seeds was developed. The innovative component of the new product was the use of bifidobacteria in the yeast, which give probiotic properties to soft cheese. Technological features of the production allowed to reduce the consumption of raw materials, increase product yield and reduce production time. In addition, the calculation of economic indicators shows the profitability of the production of this product. In the future, it is planned to expand the range of soft functional cheeses without ripening using fenugreek.

T HE aim of the study was to undertake comparative evaluation of chemical composition and physical properties of the fat tissue of the Romanov sheep breed on condition of separate and joint use of natural additives "Glaukonit" and probiotic "Biogumitel". A positive effect of their use has been established. The young stock consuming the tested additives at the dose of 0,1 g per 1 kg of live weight surpassed on weight of internal fat and carcass fat of control analogs by 0,04-0,21 kg (9,09-47,73%) and 0,12-0,29 kg (6,38-15,44%). The content of dry matter and chemically pure fat was higher in the fat tissue of the ram hogs of experimental groups in internal fat by 0,03-0,72% and 0,20-0,60%, subcutaneous fat by 0,02-0,08% and 0,04-0,15%; intermuscular fat by 0,09-0,22% and 0,05-0,13%, respectively. Internal fat had the greatest energy value, intermuscular fat had the lowest energy value, and subcutaneous fat took an intermediate position. In all cases, the ram hogs of experimental groups were in the lead and surpassed the control on the energy value of internal fat by 0,08-0,25 mJ (0,23-0,70%); intermuscular fat by 0,01-0,04 mJ (0,03-0,12%); subcutaneous fat by 0,02-0,06 mJ (0,06-0,18%). An increase in the iodine value in the fat samples of the experimental groups was established. All changes occurring in the fat tissue of young sheep were within the regulatory limits and corresponded to the breed characteristics. At all stages of research the maximum effect was achieved due to by joint use of tested additives.