Oxalis corniculata is a common medicinal plant widely used against numerous infectious diseases. The agrochemical potential of methanolic extract, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions were assessed to measure the antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal activities of the plant. The crude, chloroform, and n-butanol soluble fractions showed excellent activities against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, and Bacillus subtilis but have no activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Similarly the crude, n-hexane, and chloroform fractions were also found to have significant activity against fungal strains including Fusarium solani, Aspergillus flexneri, and Aspergillus flavus and have no activity against Aspergillus niger. Chemical pesticides have shown very good results at the beginning, but with the passage of time the need was realized to use the natural plant sources for the safe control of insects. The current study will provide minor contribution towards it. High mortality rate was recorded for the crude extract and chloroform fraction against Tribolium castaneum. The two isolated compounds 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,4′-tetramethoxyflavone (1) and 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxyflavone (2) were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal activities. The results showed that compound 2 was more active than compound 1 against the tested bacterial strains and insects.

Objective: Intravitreal Bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA) (IVB) has been shown to cause regression of neovessels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy due to its anti-angiogenic effects. This study was performed to investigate the role of Avastin as an adjunct to the management of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy undergoing pars plana vitrectomy. Methodology: Fifty four eyes of 54 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy scheduled for surgery were included in the study. They were randomized to vitrectomy with preoperative IVB (group one) or standard vitrectomy (group 2). Group one underwent a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1.25 mg /0.05ml one week prior to vitrectomy. Main outcome measures were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after surgery, post-operative complications. Results: Mean age of the patients was 52.07±5.54 years (range 39-67). At 6 months, 20 patients in group one had BCVA better than baseline as compared to 12 patients in group 2. In group one, only one patient had early post-operative vitreous hemorrhage, whereas 11 patients in group two had early vitreous hemorrhage. Conclusion: Preoperative IVB is helpful in improving BCVA post operatively, reducing the time of surgery, decreasing the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding and reducing the frequency of rubeosis and hyphaema.

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Purpose: To evaluate the antibacterial, enzyme-inhibitory and hemolytic activities of Salkylated/aralkylated 2-(1H -indol-3-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-5-thiol (IC50 38.25 ± 0.12 µg/mL). Another compound had 1.5 % hemolytic activity. -indol-3-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-5-thiol Conclusion: S-Alkylated/aralkylated 2-(1H

Aegilops tauschii, the donor of the D genome of hexaploid wheat, is accepted as a major contributor of disease resistance and bread-making quality attributes in cultivated wheat. High molecular weight (HMW) glutenins have a significant effect on the bread-making qualities of cultivated wheat. A large range of allelic variation in 424 Ae. tauschii accessions at the Glu-D1t locus for both x- and y-type glutenin subunits as well as at Glu-D3t was observed with SDS-PAGE using the total endosperm protein fraction. Only 4 accessions revealed more than 2 bands on SDS-PAGE. Seventeen new allelic combinations of both x- and y-type glutenin subunits at GluD-1t and 30 new allelic profiles at Glu-D3 were detected. These combinations comprise some lines with x- or y-type null forms. RP-HPLC analysis of accession Aus 18882, which showed 5 bands when the total endosperm protein fraction was resolved on SDS-PAGE, revealed 2 x-types and 1 y-type subunit banding pattern. RP-HPLC of the gliadin fraction exhibited an omega gliadin-like subunit. SDS-PAGE processing of the gliadin-free fraction of the same accession still exhibited the gliadin-like protein. An N-terminal protein sequence of the first 7 amino acids of the slowest moving novel x-type band of accession Aus18882 indicated its uniqueness, as no entries were found to contain this internal sequence. Demonstration of novel allelic combinations at Glu-D1 and Glu-D3 loci implies the potential for exploiting Ae. tauschii to increase the genetic variability of hexaploid wheat, particularly for bread-making qualities.