Our results suggest that during MIP the presence of a parathyroid adenoma with a high weight, in an elderly subject or in a subject with altered renal function, will result in a lesser degree of IOPTH fall.

Elevated adiponectin level in children and adolescents with type I diabetes indicates poor glycemic control and development of complications, especially nephropathy.

Background Maternal nutritional status is an important determinant of intrauterine growth and neonatal size. No published surveys exist on maternal Mediterranean diet intakes and newborn adiposity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the individual maternal Mediterranean diet on the in-utero body fat formation and cord leptin level in newborns. Pregnant women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 35 kg/m2 (n = 118) were assisted for individual dietary counseling based on the Mediterranean diet healthy eating. According to diet adherence, participants (paired mother and newborn) were divided into an intervention group (n = 57) and a control group (n = 61). We examined the association between diet modification and gestational weight gain, maternal, and cord leptin level together with newborn anthropometry (weight and fat mass %). Results Gestational weight gain, newborn birth weight, fat mass %, and cord leptin level lower in the intervention (12.22 ± 1.8 kg, 3.57 ± 0.35 kg, 9.27 ± 2.16 %, 11.78 ± 3.63 ng/ml, p = 000, respectively) than in control group (18.03 ± 3.25 kg, 4.02 ± 0.32 kg, 11.85 ± 2.30 %, 35.37 ± 11.14 ng/ml, respectively. Umbilical cord leptin levels strongly correlated with neonatal fat mass percent in both groups. However, maternal serum leptin did not correlate with the newborn parameters in the intervention group. Conclusion Maternal energy intake from healthy fat and diet intervention is probably associated with decreased fat mass and leptin levels in neonates.

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Decreased production or reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) can augment such complications.

Background Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis are a major health concern worldwide being the sixth leading cause of all-cause mortality in people aged 25–64 years. Assessment of liver fibrosis is necessary to determine disease severity and prognosis at the time of presentation to determine suitable treatment. The gold standard method of diagnosis is liver biopsy; however, this procedure is invasive; thus, multiple laboratory and radiologic tests are used to help determine the degree of fibrosis. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in regulating inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. It plays a role in cardiovascular disease, inflammation, body weight regulation and cancer. It is suggested that GDF-15 plays an important role in pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Aim of the Work In this study we aimed to evaluate efficiency of growth differentiation factor 15 in diagnosing liver fibrosis. Patients and Methods The study was a case- control study conducted on 55 chronic HCV patients recruited from Hepatitis C virus Clinic at Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams Research Institute (MARSI), and 30 healthy subjects age and sex matched. The patients were classified into three subgroups according to the degree of liver fibrosis assessed by fibro-scan. Serum concentration of GDF-15 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Results of our study revealed a highly significant statistical rise in GDF-15 levels among studied chronic HCV patients with liver fibrosis when compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between the degree of fibrosis assessed by fibro-scan and GDF-15 serum levels. Levels of GDF-15 were significantly higher in patients with mild degree of fibrosis (patients’ subgroup І when compared with the controls’ group (p < 0.01) suggesting the role of this marker in early detection of liver fibrosis. A statistically significant increase in serum GDF-15 levels was noticed among patients with advanced fibrosis “subgroup ІІІ” compared to those with mild fibrosis “subgroup І” (p < 0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of GDF-15 were 96.7%, 98.2%, respectively at a cutoff value of 150 ng/L for discrimination between patients’ and controls’ groups. Conclusion Growth differentiation factor 15 could be a potential marker of liver fibrosis especially in early detection as its levels were significantly higher in patients’ group with liver fibrosis than controls’ group and there was a significant positive correlation between the degree of liver fibrosis and GDF-15 serum levels.